{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:29:41Z","timestamp":1777940981752,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P3-0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P3-0003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Technol Cancer Res Treat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecological malignancy and the fifth most common malignancy in women. The worldwide incidence is 15.9 new cases per 100,000 women per year, and the incidence in Europe is 22.7 new cases. Minority of cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. Cutaneous metastases are very rare with a prevalence of 0.8%. If cutaneous metastases are present, the prognosis is poor with an overall survival of up to 12 months. In this review, we presented clinical data on treatment of gynecological cancers with electrochemotherapy, with focus on treatment of cutaneous vulvar metastases from endometrial cancer. Further, we present our data on the case of a 64-year-old woman with recurrent endometrial adenocarcinoma with vulvar skin metastases. Treatment of endometrial carcinoma metastases is multimodal with surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormone treatment. There is still no consensus about the specific treatment of cutaneous metastases from endometrial cancer, in particular in order to release symptoms. Electrochemotherapy may be a treatment option to reduce pain and bleeding and a safe option to treat multiple skin metastases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338211010134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T03:56:12Z","timestamp":1618890972000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Literature Review and Our Experience With Bleomycin-Based Electrochemotherapy for Cutaneous Vulvar Metastases From Endometrial Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sebastjan","family":"Merlo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecological Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Medical Faculty Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Vivod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecological Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Medical Faculty Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Bebar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecological Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7288-6582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0161a","family":"Bo\u0161njak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1418-1928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"\u010cema\u017ear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7641-5670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor","family":"Ser\u0161a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona Kranjc","family":"Brezar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Kova\u010devi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecological Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Medical Faculty Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"bibr2-15330338211010134","volume-title":"Epidemiology and Cancer Registry, Slovenian Cancer Registry","author":"Cancer in Slovenia 2017","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr3-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-12-86"},{"key":"bibr4-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.890478"},{"key":"bibr5-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.38.8645"},{"key":"bibr6-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.01.010"},{"key":"bibr7-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-018-1872-x"},{"key":"bibr8-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2019.1654996"},{"key":"bibr9-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2016-0062"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr10-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21561","volume":"69","author":"Brooks RA","year":"2019","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"bibr11-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24991"},{"key":"bibr12-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14708"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr13-15330338211010134","first-page":"30","volume":"138","author":"Clover AJP","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"bibr14-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2012.685524"},{"key":"bibr15-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2018.11.023"},{"key":"bibr16-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2020.04.037"},{"key":"bibr17-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2018.01.090"},{"key":"bibr18-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2020-0038"},{"key":"bibr19-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2015.1117134"},{"key":"bibr20-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2013.06.028"},{"key":"bibr21-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.24036"},{"key":"bibr22-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25072"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr23-15330338211010134","first-page":"283","volume":"33","author":"Sersa G","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiol Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr24-15330338211010134","first-page":"800","volume":"38","author":"Schiavi MC","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Gynaecol Oncol."},{"key":"bibr25-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1947-2714.118918"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr26-15330338211010134","first-page":"265","volume":"25","author":"Skarlatos I","year":"2011","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"bibr27-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-13-29"},{"key":"bibr28-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2018.1454602"},{"key":"bibr29-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv484"},{"key":"bibr30-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcsup.2006.08.002"},{"key":"bibr31-15330338211010134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-017-3342-5"}],"container-title":["Technology in Cancer Research &amp; Treatment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15330338211010134","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15330338211010134","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15330338211010134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:07:41Z","timestamp":1777702061000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15330338211010134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15330338211010134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15330338211010134","relation":{},"ISSN":["1533-0346","1533-0338"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1533-0346","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-0338","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"article-number":"15330338211010134"}}