{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T15:09:48Z","timestamp":1789398588953,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital","award":["A002226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A002226"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Excellent Talent Cultivation Subsidy Young Backbone Individual Project"},{"name":"National Natural Science Youth Science Foundation of China","award":["81902371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81902371"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Technol Cancer Res Treat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Identification of novel biomarkers is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to reveal the clinical significance and molecular characteristics of MYC-associated factor X dimerization protein 1 (MXD1) in ESCC. Patients and methods: We collected 3 ESCC cohorts to investigate the effect of MXD1 on clinical outcomes. In addition, we compared and analyzed the possible transcription changes between MXD1-low and MXD1-high ESCC patients using bioinformatics. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to confirm the potential impact of MXD1 on the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Results: MXD1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was significantly lower in tumors than in normal tissues. Low expression of MXD1 in ESCC was associated with a more aggressive tumor stage and worse prognosis at both the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, MXD1-low ESCC showed upregulation of epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix-related gene sets, and significantly higher NFE2L2 and KIAA1324L mutation frequencies. In contrast, MXD1-high ESCC showed upregulation of tumor differentiation and immune-related gene sets. Furthermore, the CIBERSORT approach showed that high expression of MXD1 was associated with a higher proportion of neutrophils but a lower proportion of M2 macrophages. At the protein level, MXD1 expression was positively correlated with programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1) and CD8 expression. In silico analysis predicted that MXD1-high ESCC was more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. Conclusion: This study suggests that MXD1 is a crucial prognostic factor in ESCC patients and is closely associated with specific transcriptional changes and TIME features.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338211052142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T07:58:04Z","timestamp":1636617484000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["MXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3709-1933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The VIPII Gastrointestinal Cancer Division of Medical Department, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dezuo","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The VIPII Gastrointestinal Cancer Division of Medical Department, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The VIPII Gastrointestinal Cancer Division of Medical Department, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15330338211052142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra035010"},{"key":"bibr2-15330338211052142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21332"},{"key":"bibr3-15330338211052142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-10-173"},{"key":"bibr4-15330338211052142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13289"},{"key":"bibr5-15330338211052142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21541248.2017.1364821"},{"key":"bibr6-15330338211052142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2014.03.013"},{"key":"bibr7-15330338211052142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/359423a0"},{"key":"bibr8-15330338211052142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-1878(199810)20:10<808::AID-BIES6>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"issue":"12","key":"bibr9-15330338211052142","first-page":"2487","volume":"11","author":"Hurlin P. 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