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The risk of tumors acquiring resistance to chemotherapy remains a significant hurdle to the successful treatment of various types of cancer. Therefore, overcoming or predicting multidrug resistance in clinical treatment is essential. The detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an important component of liquid biopsy and the diagnosis of cancer. This study aims to test the feasibility of single-cell bioanalyzer (SCB) and microfluidic chip technology in identifying patients with cancer resistant to chemotherapy and propose new methods to provide clinicians with new choices. Methods: In this study, we used rapidly isolated viable CTCs from the patient blood samples method combined with SCB technology and a novel microfluidic chip, to predict whether patients with cancer are resistant to chemotherapy. SCB and microfluidic chip were used to select single CTCs, and the accumulation of chemotherapy drug was fluorescently measured in real time on these cells in the absence and presence of permeability-glycoprotein inhibitors. Results: Initially, we successfully isolated viable CTCs from the blood samples of patients. Additionally, the present study accurately predicted the response of 4 lung cancer patients to chemotherapeutic drugs. In addition, the CTCs of 17 patients with breast cancer diagnosed at Zhuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were assessed. The results indicated that 9 patients were sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs, 8 patients were resistant to a certain degree, and only 1 was completely resistant to chemotherapy. Conclusion: The present study indicated that the SCB technology could be used as a prognostic assay to evaluate the CTCs response to available drugs and guide physicians to treatment options that are most likely to be effective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338231187239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T04:12:45Z","timestamp":1688962365000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Detection of Single Cancer Cell Multidrug Resistance With Single Cell Bioanalyzer"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 853, (S.A.R.), China"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science 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