{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T18:59:13Z","timestamp":1787857153252,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Technol Cancer Res Treat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of combining immunotherapy (IT) with Anlotinib in ES-SCLC patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was a multicenter retrospective cohort analysis. Survival outcomes were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 147 patients were included in the analysis. The median overall survival (mOS) for the cohort was 15.5 months (95% CI: 13.9-17.1). Patients in the chemotherapy(CT) plus IT group had an mOS of 17.8 months, compared to 12.6 months in the CT-alone group (p\u2009=\u20090.055). When stratified into CT\u2009+\u2009IT\u2009+\u2009Anlotinib, CT\u2009+\u2009IT, and CT-alone groups, the mOS were 18.5, 16.3, and 12.6 months, respectively, with the CT\u2009+\u2009IT\u2009+\u2009Anlotinib group demonstrating significantly improved OS compared to CT-alone (p\u2009=\u20090.044). The ORR and DCR for the entire cohort were 71.4% and 85.7%, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed ORRs of 74.1% (CT\u2009+\u2009IT\u2009+\u2009Anlotinib), 73.9% (CT\u2009+\u2009IT), and 70.1% (CT-alone), with corresponding DCRs of 92.6%, 91.3%, and 82.5%. Multivariate analysis revealed that radiotherapy (RT, p\u2009=\u20090.003) and IT (p\u2009=\u20090.021) were independent prognostic factors for OS, while liver metastasis (p\u2009=\u20090.023) and RT (p\u2009=\u20090.018) were associated with PFS. Patients receiving RT in combination with CT showed markedly improved OS (17.5 vs 12.5 months; p\u2009=\u20090.002) and PFS (7.3 vs 6.3 months; p\u2009=\u20090.004). The incidence of adverse events was comparable across all groups (p\u2009=\u20090.721).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combined application of Anlotinib with IT and the combination of CT with RT both significantly improved survival outcomes in patients with ES-SCLC while maintaining a favorable safety profile. These findings warrant further investigation in future studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338251329248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T19:08:23Z","timestamp":1742497703000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Combining Immunotherapy with Anlotinib in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Analysis of Efficacy and Safety"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9339-661X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guogang","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Weihai Municipal Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0931-0684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meiling","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Weihai Municipal Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7406-9332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongfei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8067-2913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology,Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 70 Heping Road, Weihai 264200, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3737-4810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huaijun","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weihai Municipal Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7604-9065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ge","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weihai Municipal Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00235-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2016.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2023.931"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.23.1548"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.40.4905"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0603-669"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"37","article-title":"Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and association with microvessel density in small-cell and non-small-cell lung carcinomas","volume":"19","author":"Stefanou D","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stefanou D, Batistatou A, Arkoumani E, Ntzani E, Agnantis NJ. 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