{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T22:12:35Z","timestamp":1779401555258,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.2022YFC2404606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2022YFC2404606"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["2022-PUMCH-B-116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-PUMCH-B-116"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Technol Cancer Res Treat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify inter- and intra-fraction motion variability in pediatric radiotherapy using surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) and evaluate its impact on personalized planning target volume (PTV) margins.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis included 27 pediatric cancer patients (\u226415 years old). Fourteen patients received conventional laser alignment based on skin markings (LAS group), while thirteen underwent SGRT for initial setup and continuous real-time intra-fraction monitoring. Inter-fraction errors were assessed using pre-treatment cone-beam CT (CBCT), and intra-fraction motion was captured via SGRT log files. Population systematic (\u03a3) and random (\u03c3) errors were calculated. PTV margins compensating for setup uncertainties were derived using the van Herk formula. Dosimetric impact was evaluated by recalculating plans using SGRT-informed anisotropic margins compared to the applied 5 mm isotropic margins.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      SGRT improved inter-fraction setup accuracy over LAS, reducing median translational errors to 1.1 mm (lateral), 1.5 mm (longitudinal), and 1.7 mm (vertical), compared with 2.6 mm, 3.6 mm, and 1.9 mm (lateral\/longitudinal,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Rotational errors were reduced to \u2264 0.7\u00b0 (YAW\/Roll,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Population systematic errors for inter-fraction setup with SGRT were 0.6-1.1 mm versus 1.6-2.2 mm for LAS, and random errors were 1.0-1.7 mm versus 1.4-2.4 mm. SGRT quantified intra-fraction motion (medians: \u2264 0.65 mm for translations, \u2264 0.62\u00b0 for rotations), with more than 86% of displacements within \u00b12 mm and more than 91.5% of rotations within \u00b12\u00b0. When intra-fraction uncertainties dominated, anisotropic margins derived from SGRT data reduced mean PTV volume by 11% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) while maintaining CTV coverage, achieving significant dose reductions to the rectum, bladder, and small intestine.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SGRT is an effective modality for significantly improving inter-fraction setup accuracy and enabling real-time intra-fraction motion monitoring in pediatric radiotherapy. It may allow individualization of PTV margins, reducing irradiated volumes and sparing critical organs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338261454193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:16:16Z","timestamp":1779236176000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Surface-Guided Radiation Therapy (SGRT) for Pediatric Oncology: An Analysis of Inter- and Intra-fraction Motion Variability and PTV Margins"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6604-7054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feiyu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw4892"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01541-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2018.11.031"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","first-page":"CD010439","article-title":"Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults","volume":"2016","author":"Hu X","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu X, Fang Y, Hui X, Jv Y, You C. 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