{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:42:29Z","timestamp":1792428149815,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Quanta Medical Technology Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Technol Cancer Res Treat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibody-drug conjugates have expanded HER2-targeted therapy to HER2-low breast cancer, yet categorical immunohistochemistry scoring inadequately supports patient selection at expression boundaries where interobserver agreement is suboptimal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We propose that artificial intelligence-enabled continuous quantification addresses this gap by preserving expression gradients essential for treatment eligibility decisions while maintaining pathologist interpretability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a pilot dataset (n=66), we demonstrate that data-driven thresholds derived from continuous scores can support three clinically relevant decision points: anti-HER2 therapy eligibility, in situ hybridization triage, and HER2-low identification for ADC candidacy. Bootstrap validation and cross-validation analyses supported threshold robustness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This transition from categorical boundaries to quantitative spectra may contribute to precision in patient selection, pending validation with treatment outcome data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338261500841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:07:36Z","timestamp":1792195656000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Continuous HER2 Assessment: A Patient Selection Framework for the Antibody\u2013Drug Conjugate Era"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6342-4977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min-Hsiang","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Pathology, Li Jen Pathology Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Hsiu","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quanta Computer Inc."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Jui","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quanta Computer Inc."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Chiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quanta Computer Inc."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/312513a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3798106"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.10.4285"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103153441101"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2023-0421"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.77.8738"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2005.01.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-016-9892-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2022.834651"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2025.1050822"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11523-024-01079-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2023.100408"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2022.100032"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.7239"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2023.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqac184"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp-2023-209055"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2022.40.16_suppl.e12543"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13010168"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15274"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2022.100054"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpi.2025.100513"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-61957-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15172131"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h5527"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/abcr.2024.132002"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-07557-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-026-02125-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-026-04303-5"}],"container-title":["Technology in Cancer Research &amp; 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