{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:38:07Z","timestamp":1777941487959,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479945600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Technol Cancer Res Treat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>About 20 different types of staphylococcal enterotoxins are produced by Staphylococcus aureus, in which type A is more common in food poisoning syndrome. Also staphylococcal enterotoxin A superantigen is a potent inducer of cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and cytokine production and could stimulate T cells containing T-cell receptor beta chain domains when binding to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. Hence, it is an important reagent in cancer immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For the construction of pET-21a\/ entA cassette, the staphylococcal enterotoxin type A gene was isolated from S aureus strain HN2, cloned into pET-21a, and introduced into Escherichia coli strain BL-21(DE3). Consequently, Western blot analysis showed pET-21a\/ entA cassette expression inserted entA gene successfully. It is the first prompt using a pET-21a as a cloning vector for entA gene and expression of construct in BL-21(DE3). In addition, this study examined the ability of standard staphylococcal enterotoxin A and cloned staphylococcal enterotoxin A to activate T cells in vitro. Lymphocyte cells derived from lymph node BALB\/c mice were exposed to standard staphylococcal enterotoxin A and cloned staphylococcal enterotoxin (1.10, 102,103, and 104 ng\/\u00b5L) in order to evaluate the magnitude of proliferation, activation, and apoptosis of lymphocyte cells based on MTT and apoptosis assays, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our investigation showed that the function of cloned staphylococcal enterotoxin A was same as standard staphylococcal enterotoxin A, and the optimal concentration for the activation of lymphocyte cells and induction of apoptosis was 100 ng\/\u00b5L and 1000 ng\/\u00b5L ( P &lt; .05), respectively. Quantification of cytokines clearly showed that lymphocyte cells exposed to standard staphylococcal enterotoxin A and cloned staphylococcal enterotoxin A significantly secreted higher interferon \u03b3 and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 compared to control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>According to our results, the biological activity of standard staphylococcal enterotoxin A and cloned staphylococcal enterotoxin A is identical; therefore, these procedures may be approved as an efficient method to express and purify this protein in a large scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1533034616679344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T20:35:13Z","timestamp":1480019713000},"page":"125-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Recombinant Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Type A Stimulate Antitumoral Cytokines"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Reza","family":"Agheli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Microbiology, Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bijan","family":"Emkanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Microbiology, Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raheleh","family":"Halabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Microbiology, Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jalil","family":"Fallah Mehrabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Microbiology, Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas Ali","family":"Imani Fooladi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Microbiology, Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1533034616679344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.1.16"},{"key":"bibr2-1533034616679344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-8508(03)00045-8"},{"key":"bibr3-1533034616679344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.03.027"},{"key":"bibr4-1533034616679344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi025977q"},{"key":"bibr5-1533034616679344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-64.5.664"},{"key":"bibr6-1533034616679344","first-page":"1","volume":"55","author":"Betley MJ","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chem Immunol"},{"key":"bibr7-1533034616679344","first-page":"559","volume-title":"Staphylococci and Staphylococcal Infections. 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