{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:58:02Z","timestamp":1777381082453,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,15]],"date-time":"2014-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1397520000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The need for assistance from others is a hallmark concern in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). The psychometric properties of the Dependence Scale (DS) for measuring treatment benefit were investigated in large randomized clinical trials of patients with mild to moderate AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the DS were examined. Path models appraised relationships and distinctiveness of key AD measures. The responder definition was empirically derived.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Generally acceptable reliability (\u03b1 \u2265 .65), significant ( P &lt; .001) known-groups tests, and moderate to strong correlations ( r \u2265 .31) confirmed the DS psychometric properties. Path models supported relationships and distinctiveness of key AD measures. A DS change of \u22641 point for patients with limited home care and \u22642 points for patients with assisted living care best described stability of the level of dependence on caregivers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The DS is a psychometrically robust measure in mild to moderate AD. The empirically derived responder definition aids in the interpretation of DS change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317514527336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,16]],"date-time":"2014-04-16T01:34:08Z","timestamp":1397612048000},"page":"620-629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Psychometric Properties of the Dependence Scale in Large Randomized Clinical Trials of Patients With Mild and Moderate Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Kathleen W.","family":"Wyrwich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidera (formerly United BioSource Corporation), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priscilla","family":"Auguste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidera (formerly United BioSource Corporation), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqui","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Rudell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Patient-Reported Outcomes Centre of Excellence, Surrey, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loretto","family":"Lacey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Leibman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Symonds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Patient-Reported Outcomes Centre of Excellence, Surrey, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. Robert","family":"Brashear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.5.M216"},{"key":"bibr2-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317513504609"},{"key":"bibr3-1533317514527336","unstructured":"Wyrwich KW, Frank F, Leibman C, Mucha L, McLaughlin T. Psychometric properties and clinical significance of the dependence scale as an outcome in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Paper presented at : 2nd Annual Conference of Clinical Trials on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease; October 29-30, 2009; Las Vegas, NV."},{"key":"bibr4-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317509356690"},{"issue":"9","key":"bibr5-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-012-0393-5","volume":"16","author":"Scheltens P","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"bibr6-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8346443"},{"key":"bibr7-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-199700112-00003"},{"key":"bibr8-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.53.5.471"},{"key":"bibr9-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2412-a"},{"key":"bibr10-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"bibr11-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.12.1475"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr12-1533317514527336","first-page":"48","volume":"3","author":"Wimo A","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Aging"},{"key":"bibr13-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317510394649"},{"key":"bibr14-1533317514527336","unstructured":"Jones RW, Lacey LA, Knapp M, Relationship between patient dependence on others and clinical measures of cognitive impairment, functional disability and behavioural problems in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD): results from the Dependence in AD in England (DADE) study. Paper presented at: Alzheimer\u2019s Association International Conference (AAIC); July 17, 2012; Vancouver, Canada."},{"key":"bibr15-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181f6133d"},{"key":"bibr16-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-009-0068-z"},{"key":"bibr17-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198527695.003.0003"},{"key":"bibr18-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2008.02.003"},{"key":"bibr19-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2009.09.004"},{"key":"bibr20-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e31802f2426"},{"issue":"235","key":"bibr21-1533317514527336","first-page":"65132","volume":"74","author":"Food and Drug Administration","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"key":"bibr22-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2528490"},{"key":"bibr23-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(1950)3:1<32::AID-CNCR2820030106>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr24-1533317514527336","first-page":"307","volume":"29","author":"Hanley JA","year":"1989","journal-title":"Crit Rev Diagn Imaging"},{"key":"bibr25-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471722146"},{"key":"bibr26-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156720509787602852"},{"key":"bibr27-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2009.04.994"},{"key":"bibr28-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2009.04.211"},{"key":"bibr29-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.01798.x"},{"key":"bibr30-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000164797"},{"key":"bibr31-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lacey LA, Jones RW, Trigg R, Niecko T, for the DADE investigator group. Caregiver burden as illness progresses in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD): association with patient dependence on others and other factors: results from the Dependence in AD in England (DADE) study. Paper presented at: Alzheimer\u2019s Association International Conference (AAIC); July 16, 2012; Vancouver, Canada.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.05.660"},{"key":"bibr32-1533317514527336","unstructured":"McLaughlin T, Neumann P, Spackman E, Increasing dependence on others is associated with increased resource use in dementia. Paper presented at: Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s Disease 9th International Conference; March 11-15, 2009; Prague, Czech Republic."},{"key":"bibr33-1533317514527336","unstructured":"King D, Knapp M, Romeo R, Relationship between healthcare and social care costs and patient dependence on others as illness progresses in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD): results from the Dependence in AD in England (DADE) study. 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Paper presented at: Alzheimer\u2019s Association International Conference (AAIC); July 16, 2012; Vancouver, Canada.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.05.667"},{"key":"bibr35-1533317514527336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/63.9.1005"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease &amp; Other Dementias\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1533317514527336","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1533317514527336","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1533317514527336","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:19:55Z","timestamp":1777367995000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1533317514527336"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,15]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1533317514527336"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1533317514527336","relation":{},"ISSN":["1533-3175","1938-2731"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1533-3175","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2731","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,15]]}}}