{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:59:07Z","timestamp":1792173547093,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]],"date-time":"2015-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442880000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by irreversible memory decline, concerning no rarely spatial memory and orientation, alterations of the mood and personality, gradual loss of motor skills, and substantial loss of capacities obtained by previous long education. We attempted to describe the morphological findings of the mammillary bodies in early cases of AD. Samples were processed for electron microscopy and silver impregnation techniques. The nuclei of the mammillary bodies demonstrated a substantial decrease in the neuronal population and marked abbreviation of dendritic arbors. Decrease in spine density and morphological abnormalities of dendritic spines was also seen. Synaptic alterations were prominent. Alzheimer\u2019s pathology, such as deposits of amyloid-\u03b2 peptide and neurofibrillary degeneration, was minimal. Electron microscopy revealed mitochondrial alterations and fragmentation of Golgi apparatus, associated frequently with synaptic pathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317515602548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T20:28:13Z","timestamp":1443040093000},"page":"247-256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Mammillary Bodies in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Stavros J.","family":"Baloyannis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuropathology and Electron Microscopy, Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropathology, Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease, Iraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Mavroudis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuropathology and Electron Microscopy, Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis S.","family":"Baloyannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuropathology and Electron Microscopy, Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vassiliki G.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuropathology and Electron Microscopy, Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropathology, Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease, Iraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1996.tb05866.x"},{"key":"bibr2-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000063311.58879.01"},{"key":"bibr3-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000250326.77323.01"},{"key":"bibr4-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2006.01.015"},{"key":"bibr5-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2011.00633.x"},{"key":"bibr6-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.10.006"},{"key":"bibr7-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.104.5.655"},{"key":"bibr8-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1993.tb00518.x"},{"key":"bibr9-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/102.4.749"},{"key":"bibr10-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10669"},{"key":"bibr11-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.314105729"},{"key":"bibr12-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20276"},{"key":"bibr13-1533317515602548","volume-title":"Le Syndrome de Korsakoff [Korsakoff syndrome]","author":"Delay J","year":"1969"},{"key":"bibr14-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903210208"},{"key":"bibr15-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(99)00011-X"},{"key":"bibr16-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00316"},{"key":"bibr17-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20978"},{"key":"bibr18-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.05.2416"},{"key":"bibr19-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317514556876"},{"key":"bibr20-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939"},{"key":"bibr21-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(57)90091-5"},{"key":"bibr22-1533317515602548","first-page":"93","volume-title":"Current Trends in Morphological Techniques","author":"Leonard C","year":"1981"},{"key":"bibr23-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl.13.10"},{"key":"bibr24-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2152-2_13"},{"key":"bibr25-1533317515602548","volume-title":"Geometria Indivisibilibus Continuorum","volume":"1635","author":"Cavalieri B"},{"key":"bibr26-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1987.tb02837.x"},{"key":"bibr27-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.2006.01586.x"},{"key":"bibr28-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.06.086"},{"key":"bibr29-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090940210"},{"key":"bibr30-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19971006)386:4<661::AID-CNE11>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"bibr31-1533317515602548","first-page":"35","volume-title":"The Cerebral Cortex of the Rat","author":"Uylings HBM","year":"1990"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr32-1533317515602548","first-page":"387","volume":"87","author":"Sholl DA","year":"1953","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"bibr33-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.2006.01586.x"},{"key":"bibr34-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2818.1999.00457.x"},{"key":"bibr35-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.top071050"},{"key":"bibr36-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.top071787"},{"key":"bibr37-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.top071829"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr38-1533317515602548","first-page":"593","volume":"2013","author":"West MJ","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Protoc"},{"key":"bibr39-1533317515602548","unstructured":"Small JV. Measurement of Section Thickness. Fourth European Conference on Electron Microscopy, 1968:609\u2013610."},{"key":"bibr40-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1982.tb00322.x"},{"key":"bibr41-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1984.tb02501.x"},{"key":"bibr42-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284843"},{"key":"bibr43-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2818.2001.00926.x"},{"key":"bibr44-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(00)00315-0"},{"key":"bibr45-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1986.tb04282.x"},{"key":"bibr46-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.2006.01552.x"},{"key":"bibr47-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1952.10483446"},{"key":"bibr48-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.2006.01563.x"},{"key":"bibr49-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-013-0639-y"},{"key":"bibr50-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01445.x"},{"key":"bibr51-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01171.x"},{"key":"bibr52-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.05.033"},{"key":"bibr53-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.1.160"},{"key":"bibr54-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2009.10.019"},{"key":"bibr55-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99002034"},{"key":"bibr56-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902290209"},{"key":"bibr57-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0946"},{"key":"bibr58-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20820"},{"key":"bibr59-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2007.22.6.1094"},{"key":"bibr60-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(94)00120-5"},{"key":"bibr61-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bne0000001"},{"key":"bibr62-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03506.2003"},{"key":"bibr63-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(93)90029-Y"},{"key":"bibr64-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02959.x"},{"key":"bibr65-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902070204"},{"key":"bibr66-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2000.7361"},{"key":"bibr67-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.07.025"},{"key":"bibr68-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu118"},{"key":"bibr69-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.8.1546"},{"key":"bibr70-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182661f4d"},{"key":"bibr71-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.3263"},{"key":"bibr72-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-012-9195-0"},{"key":"bibr73-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.01.026"},{"key":"bibr74-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2149"},{"key":"bibr75-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(68)90025-0"},{"key":"bibr76-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.06.030"},{"key":"bibr77-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1299"},{"key":"bibr78-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp175"},{"key":"bibr79-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0268-07.2007"},{"key":"bibr80-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902750105"},{"key":"bibr81-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90911-2"},{"key":"bibr82-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(96)00213-8"},{"key":"bibr83-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2006.01.015"},{"key":"bibr84-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2012.00001"},{"key":"bibr85-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2003.08.011"},{"key":"bibr86-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl.13.63"},{"key":"bibr87-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2444-07.2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr88-1533317515602548","first-page":"78","volume":"22","author":"Baloyannis S","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuropath Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"bibr89-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153331750401900205"},{"key":"bibr90-1533317515602548","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Neuropathology Back to the Roots","author":"Baloyannis SJ","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr91-1533317515602548","first-page":"305395","volume":"2011","author":"Baloyannis SJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intern J Alzh Dis"},{"key":"bibr92-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000164800750001026"},{"key":"bibr93-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2006-9204"},{"key":"bibr94-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-013-0639-y"},{"key":"bibr95-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.08.014"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr96-1533317515602548","first-page":"633","volume":"10","author":"Belzunegui T","year":"1995","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"issue":"10","key":"bibr97-1533317515602548","first-page":"627","volume":"141","author":"Brion S","year":"1985","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"bibr98-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04054.x"},{"issue":"10","key":"bibr99-1533317515602548","first-page":"1624","volume":"23","author":"Sheedy D","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"bibr100-1533317515602548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1989.tb03840.x"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease &amp; Other Dementias\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1533317515602548","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1533317515602548","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1533317515602548","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:20:12Z","timestamp":1777368012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1533317515602548"}},"subtitle":["A Golgi and Electron Microscope Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1533317515602548"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1533317515602548","relation":{},"ISSN":["1533-3175","1938-2731"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1533-3175","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2731","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]}}}