{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T17:37:47Z","timestamp":1777484267404,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652832000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Case Studies"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A small but clinically significant number of people experience delayed-onset Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); symptoms of trauma years after the events which are now being re-experienced. The following case report describes the use of the cognitive-behavioural treatment for PTSD with a woman experiencing flashbacks to domestic abuse endured more than 20\u00a0years ago. Mask-wearing mandated as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic triggered non-contextualised memories of life-threatening physical violence by an abuser who covered his face. She had been managing her flashbacks and intrusive thoughts with both behavioural and experiential forms of avoidance. An 18-session intervention was provided in her own home due to physical health difficulties. Treatment focused on managing hyper-arousal, reducing thought suppression, in-vivo exposure, stimulus-discrimination and re-contextualising traumatic memories. Regular outcome measurements were kept and results are presented as a single-case experimental design in \u2018AB\u2019 format (i.e. baseline period pre intervention). Symptoms of trauma fell to levels non-indicative of PTSD and speak to the evidence base for this modality, even when applied to delayed-onset difficulties in a non-traditional therapy setting. This conclusion is lent extra credence by an experimental design with good internal validity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15346501221102915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T16:54:30Z","timestamp":1652892870000},"page":"588-605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Case Report of Home-Based Cognitive-Behavioural Treatment for Late-Onset Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Triggered by Mask-Wearing in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9048-5165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adham","family":"Hanafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bath and NHS Somerset Foundation Trust, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22476"},{"key":"bibr2-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm07"},{"key":"bibr3-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780198570905.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr4-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000254"},{"key":"bibr5-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.103.4.670"},{"key":"bibr6-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(03)00033-3"},{"key":"bibr7-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540261.2019.1580686"},{"key":"bibr8-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00123-0"},{"key":"bibr9-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.11.058"},{"key":"bibr10-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.2\/jflory"},{"key":"bibr11-15346501221102915","unstructured":"IAPT. 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NICE. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng116"},{"key":"bibr18-15346501221102915","unstructured":"Oxford Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma (OxCADAT). (2022). PTSD therapy materials. https:\/\/oxcadatresources.com\/ptsd-materials\/ (last accessed 04.26.2022)."},{"key":"bibr19-15346501221102915","volume-title":"Socratic questioning: Changing minds or guiding discovery","author":"Padesky C. A.","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr21-15346501221102915","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306312719834070"},{"key":"bibr22-15346501221102915","unstructured":"Psychology Tools. 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