{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:53:53Z","timestamp":1777712033508,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,16]],"date-time":"2018-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534377600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of foot complications among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the rural part of Udupi district, Karnataka, India. A cross-sectional observational study design was conducted in the rural area of Udupi district. In the study, accredited social health activists were trained to screen people with type 2 diabetes mellitus for diabetic foot complications at a community level. Adults over 35 years of age were screened for the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus by accredited social health activists who reside in the rural part of Udupi district. Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Blood glucose level was measured using a glucometer. Foot examination was done by visual inspection, monofilament, tuning fork, and pedal pulse. In the present study, 2110 among the total participants were found to have type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of musculoskeletal foot complications was 1218 (58%), vascular problem 466 (22.2%), sensory neuropathy 634 (30.2%), autonomic neuropathy 1729 (81.9%), ulcer 134 (6.38%), and infection 561 (26.7%) among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the current study, we found 84.7% of people residing in rural Udupi had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hence, there is a strong need to create awareness about diabetic foot care in these people.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734618791853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,16]],"date-time":"2018-08-16T04:38:47Z","timestamp":1534394327000},"page":"169-175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Prevalence of Foot Complications in People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Community-Based Survey in Rural Udupi"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Arun Gundmi","family":"Maiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1430-3323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubha","family":"Gundmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prabhath","family":"Matpady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Radhika","family":"Jadhav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramachandra","family":"Lingadakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manjunatha","family":"Hande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veena G.","family":"Kamath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. N.","family":"Shivashankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Chinmayee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Animesh","family":"Hazari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nagarathna","family":"Shastri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taluka Health Office, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohini","family":"Hande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"District Health and Family Welfare Office, Udupi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mads Mundt","family":"Loftager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Diabetes Foundation, Gentofte, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sundar Kumar","family":"Veluswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Jude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tameside Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Ashton-under-Lyne, England, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1534734618791853","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-S062"},{"key":"bibr2-1534734618791853","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-S001"},{"key":"bibr3-1534734618791853","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 8th ed. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation; 2017. http:\/\/diabetesatlas.org\/resources\/2017-atlas.html. Accessed July 2, 2018."},{"key":"bibr4-1534734618791853","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. IDF clinical practice recommendations on the diabetic foot-2017: a guide for healthcare professionals. https:\/\/www.idf.org\/about-diabetes\/54-our-activities\/222-idf-clinical-practice-recommendations-on-the-diabetic-foot.html. Accessed July 2, 2018."},{"key":"bibr5-1534734618791853","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2291-5"},{"key":"bibr6-1534734618791853","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2016.1231932"},{"key":"bibr7-1534734618791853","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. 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