{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T20:04:20Z","timestamp":1779912260422,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is a serious and common complication of diabetes mellitus. These infections are potentially disastrous and rapidly progress to deeper spaces and tissues. If not treated promptly and appropriately, DFI can be incurable or even lead to septic gangrene, which may require foot amputation. Mostly, these infections are polymicrobial, where Gram-positive pathogens mainly Staphylococcus aureus play a dominant causative role. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is present in 10% to 32% of diabetic infections and is associated with a higher rate of treatment failure, morbidity, and hospitalization cost in patients with DFIs. The increasing resistance of bacteria and the adverse effects pertaining to the safety and tolerability towards currently available anti-MRSA agents have limited the available treatment options for patients with DFI. Infection control, antimicrobial stewardship, and rapid diagnostics based on the microbiological culture and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing results are important components in helping curb this disturbing trend. Emphasis to revisit a vigorous research effort in order to improve the therapeutic options for the increasingly resistant and highly adaptable MRSA is the need of hour. Through this review article, we have made an attempt to explore the ongoing therapeutic trends in the management of DFI and highlighted the challenges in treatment of DFI. We have also given a brief overview of a few novel drugs that are under development to treat MRSA infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734619853668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T04:55:23Z","timestamp":1561956923000},"page":"236-246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Methicillin-Resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    in Diabetic Foot Infection in India: A Growing Menace"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Vijay","family":"Viswanathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"M V Centre for Diabetes, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharad","family":"Pendsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Clinic and Research Centre, Nagpur, Nagpur"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandni","family":"Radhakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tushar Devidas","family":"Rege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetic Foot Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9400-9975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaishid","family":"Ahdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wockhardt Ltd, Bandra Kurla Complex, Mumbai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wockhardt Ltd, Bandra Kurla Complex, Mumbai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2009.02781.x"},{"key":"bibr2-1534734619853668","first-page":"148","volume":"59","author":"Viswanathan V","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"bibr3-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjm.2017.09.003"},{"key":"bibr4-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2008.01.009"},{"key":"bibr5-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/383271"},{"key":"bibr6-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773215Y.0000000030"},{"key":"bibr7-1534734619853668","first-page":"363","volume":"137","author":"Indian Network for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (INSAR) group, India","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"bibr8-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.1999.00132.x"},{"key":"bibr9-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-0711-9-2"},{"key":"bibr10-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/424846"},{"key":"bibr11-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)30719-2"},{"key":"bibr12-1534734619853668","first-page":"49","volume":"21","author":"Anupurba S","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"bibr13-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199808203390806"},{"key":"bibr14-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.1964.62.2.255"},{"key":"bibr15-1534734619853668","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1970.03170280017003"},{"key":"bibr16-1534734619853668","unstructured":"Manzella RD. The threat of MRSA in people with diabetes & foot ulcers. https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/the-new-threat-of-mrsa-in-diabetic-foot-ulcers-1087633. 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