{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T20:41:29Z","timestamp":1789764089546,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 107-2622-E-241-003-CC3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 107-2622-E-241-003-CC3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The most frequent clinical complication is diabetes. Diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting in sensory nerve damage or lesions. Diabetic foot wounds are often slow to heal and require medical attention and monitoring. This study evaluates the effect of far-infrared radiation on the microcirculation and plantar pressure in the diabetic foot. Ten diabetics and 4 nondiabetics were recruited in this study. The diabetic group was examined before and after the intervention in each month for 3 consecutive months. Four nondiabetic groups were also measured before and after the intervention for 2 weeks in each month. The surface temperature and blood flow in the diabetic foot was significantly improved (temperature: 32.1 \u00b1 2.3\u00b0C vs 33.5 \u00b1 2.2\u00b0C, P &lt; .05; blood flow image: 118.3 \u00b1 58.1 PU [perfusion unit] vs 50.4 \u00b1 4.3 PU, P &lt; .05). The sympathetic nerve activity index LF also increased from 40.8 \u00b1 18.6% to 61.8 \u00b1 13.5% ( P = .07) in the second month. Plantar pressure tended to increase in the third month. This might indicate that far-infrared radiation could affect the mechanical properties of the plantar foot soft tissue. These results indicated that the effects of far-infrared radiation would improve blood circulation and change the soft tissue properties in the diabetic foot.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734619880741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T05:26:06Z","timestamp":1571376366000},"page":"125-131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Evaluating the Far-Infrared Radiation Bioeffects on Micro Vascular Dysfunction, Nervous System, and Plantar Pressure in Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yi-Ching","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Wen","family":"Lung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7149-4034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yih-Kuen","family":"Jan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang-Chuan","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungkuang University, Taichung"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yung-Sheng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chou","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6857-8656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben-Yi","family":"Liau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungkuang University, Taichung"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1534734619880741","volume-title":"Greenspan\u2019s Basic & Clinical Endocrinology","author":"Gardner DG","year":"2007","edition":"10"},{"key":"bibr2-1534734619880741","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Diabetes: Key facts https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/diabetes. Published October 30, 2018. Accessed September 30, 2019."},{"key":"bibr3-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.7.1029"},{"key":"bibr4-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.809"},{"key":"bibr5-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association. Consensus Development Conference on Diabetic Foot Wound Care: 7-8 April 1999, Boston, Massachusetts. American Diabetes Association.\n                      Diabetes Care\n                      . 1999;22:1354-1360.","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.8.1354"},{"key":"bibr6-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2010.13506"},{"key":"bibr7-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2015.130"},{"key":"bibr8-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1600"},{"key":"bibr9-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5405\/jmbe.777"},{"key":"bibr10-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4015\/S1016237211002414"},{"key":"bibr11-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/646845"},{"key":"bibr12-1534734619880741","first-page":"15","volume":"29","author":"Leung TK","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Biol Eng"},{"key":"bibr13-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4015\/S1016237209001404"},{"key":"bibr14-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-007-9020-4"},{"key":"bibr15-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5978\/islsm.13-OR-18"},{"key":"bibr16-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030674"},{"key":"bibr17-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma8095279"},{"key":"bibr18-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/238468"},{"key":"bibr19-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14474\/ptrs.2013.2.2.63"},{"key":"bibr20-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09421"},{"key":"bibr21-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(97)80071-3"},{"key":"bibr22-1534734619880741","first-page":"8019","volume":"14","author":"Zhang HH","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin J Tissue Eng Res"},{"key":"bibr23-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2010.09.002"},{"key":"bibr24-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2014.09.028"},{"key":"bibr25-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-11-99"},{"key":"bibr26-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/543291"},{"key":"bibr27-1534734619880741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/965095"},{"key":"bibr28-1534734619880741","first-page":"1","volume":"35","author":"Armstrong DG","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"bibr29-1534734619880741","first-page":"165","volume":"15","author":"Lobmann R","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Nutr Metab"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1534734619880741","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1534734619880741","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1534734619880741","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:04:19Z","timestamp":1777457059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1534734619880741"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1534734619880741"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1534734619880741","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-7346","1552-6941"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-7346","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6941","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]}}}