{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T01:08:04Z","timestamp":1792631284135,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are common complications of diabetes mellitus that affect patients\u2019 quality of life and pose a burden on the healthcare system. Although malnutrition and specific nutritional deficiencies can seriously impact wound healing in patients with chronic nonhealing wounds, the role of nutrition in the prevention and management of DFUs is still not clear. This review discusses the significance of frequent diet assessment and nutritional education of patients with DFUs with individualized correction of deficiencies and emphasis on adequate protein intake along with correction of vitamins D, C, E, and selenium status. Future research should clarify the impact of nutritional interventions, potentially involving the use of probiotics, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids, and successfully translating the findings into practical guidelines for use in everyday clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15347346231153531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T03:17:58Z","timestamp":1675394278000},"page":"525-541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The Role of Nutrients and Diet Characteristics in the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Kyriaki","family":"Apergi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charilaos","family":"Dimosthenopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7320-785X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Papanas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","article-title":"9. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of medical care in diabetes-2022","volume":"45","author":"Draznin B","year":"2022","unstructured":"Draznin B, Aroda VR, Bakris G, et al. 9. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of medical care in diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(Suppl 1):S125\u2010S143.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dci20-0022"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","article-title":"3. Prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes and associated comorbidities: Standards of medical care in diabetes-2022","volume":"45","author":"Committee ADAPP","year":"2022","unstructured":"Committee ADAPP. 3. Prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes and associated comorbidities: Standards of medical care in diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(Suppl 1):S39\u2010S45.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2018.e00614"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/amsad.2021.107817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0270984"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509359125"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI32169"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","article-title":"Guidelines on the prevention of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update)","volume":"36","author":"Bus SA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bus SA, Lavery LA, Monteiro-Soares M, et al. Guidelines on the prevention of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update). Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;36(Suppl 1):e3269.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2021.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2019.3678"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14951"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082576"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2015.24.Sup4b.35"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01626-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","article-title":"Intensive versus conventional glycaemic control for treating diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"1","author":"Fernando ME","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fernando ME, Seneviratne RM, Tan YM, et al. Intensive versus conventional glycaemic control for treating diabetic foot ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;1:CD010764.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734617740254"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","article-title":"Nutritional interventions for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes","volume":"7","author":"Moore ZE","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moore ZE, Corcoran MA, Patton D. Nutritional interventions for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;7:CD011378.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8852759"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000008061"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734616674624"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734617737659"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14122457"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1601-95"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2019.0973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-018-1233-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvn.2021.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2021.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2015.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5797194"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S233683"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12804"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114520003815"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2004.13.6.26627"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12509"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2013.158"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14122393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines8080263"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41387-019-0078-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399816999201012195735"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2022.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2016.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","first-page":"153473462098458","article-title":"Evaluation of vitamin D levels in patients with diabetic foot ulcers","author":"Tsitsou S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tsitsou S, Dimosthenopoulos C, Eleftheriadou I, et al. Evaluation of vitamin D levels in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2021;1534734620984584.","journal-title":"Int J Low Extrem Wounds."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000559614.90819.45"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-017-1056-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2017.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2970"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12537"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-021-00793-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/816307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000225432.17501.6c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734617742984"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v12.i7.916"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2005.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030877"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11585220-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008143.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.8.2288"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1367.015"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","first-page":"521","article-title":"Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and healthy aging: A narrative review over the last decade","volume":"15","author":"Romanidou M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Romanidou M, Apergi K, Tsiptsios D, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and healthy aging: A narrative review over the last decade. Maedica (Bucur). 2020;15(4):521\u2010528.","journal-title":"Maedica (Bucur)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2013.0469"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10010016"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15347346231153531","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15347346231153531","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15347346231153531","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:05:25Z","timestamp":1777457125000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15347346231153531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15347346231153531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15347346231153531","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-7346","1552-6941"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-7346","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6941","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]}}}