{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:28:01Z","timestamp":1791444481345,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Finland state funding for the university level","award":["24771\/K47859"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24771\/K47859"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For this retrospective study, we analyzed the sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy technique in patients with venous leg ulcer (VLU).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 134 patients treated with sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy at the Oulu University Hospital vascular outpatient clinic from January 2012 to December 2021. All included patients received sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy as part of the treatment strategy for superficial venous insufficiency. Compression therapy and local wound care were organized for VLU treatment. A follow-up visit was scheduled for one month after the sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy. Change in ulcer size, local (skin necrosis, infection) or systemic (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) complications, and time to ulcer healing were monitored. The occurrence of major limb-related complications (amputation, surgical revision) was monitored for one year postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One month after sub-ulcer treatment, ulcers were smaller or completely healed in 108 (81%) patients. Ulcer healing was completed in 123 (92%) patients at one year and 131 (98%) patients at two years. Complications were recorded in four (3%) patients, three (2%) who were diagnosed with erysipelas requiring antibiotic treatment and one (1%) patient diagnosed with local dermatitis. During the one-year follow-up, no major limb-related complications (surgical revisions or amputations) arose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy may be a feasible addition to superficial vein reflux elimination in patients with VLU and a low risk for complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15347346241245765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T03:46:05Z","timestamp":1712202365000},"page":"509-514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sub-ulcer Foam Sclerotherapy in Patients with Venous Leg Ulcer, Analysis and Technical Aspects of 134 Consecutive Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0396-7201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toni","family":"Pihlaja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oulu University Hospital"},{"name":"Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmi","family":"Kosunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8245-3000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasi","family":"Ohtonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oulu University Hospital"},{"name":"Translational Medicine Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0197-3341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matti","family":"Pokela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oulu University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2004.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X14568677"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801214"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2018.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2007.00250.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7555"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.9867"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2022.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1531003510387637"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","article-title":"Percutaneous foam sclerotherapy for venous leg ulcers","volume":"22","author":"Bush R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bush R, Bush P. Percutaneous foam sclerotherapy for venous leg ulcers. J Wound Care. 2013;22(10 Suppl):S20\u2010S22.","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"58","article-title":"Preliminary experience with a new sclerosing foam in the treatment of varicose veins","volume":"27","author":"Tessari L","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tessari L, Cavezzi A, Frullini A. Preliminary experience with a new sclerosing foam in the treatment of varicose veins. Dermatol Surg. 2001;27(1):58\u201060.","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355513483280"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2021.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734619870680"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15347346241245765","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15347346241245765","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15347346241245765","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T21:48:03Z","timestamp":1779400083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15347346241245765"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15347346241245765"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15347346241245765","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-7346","1552-6941"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-7346","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6941","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]}}}