{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:23:07Z","timestamp":1793726587962,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713916800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic wounds have long been a significant public health concern, but the true impact of these wounds is unknown since research designs and measuring techniques vary, leading to inconsistent estimates. The definition of a wound is a loss of epithelial continuity caused by damage to the tissue. The following conditions can cause chronic wounds: panniculitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, traumatic, neurological, metabolic, hematologic, neoplastic, or infection-related. The growing global incidence of diabetes and the aging population necessitate greater attention to chronic wounds. Regrettably, it is sad that significant healthcare institutions have overlooked wound research. The study of health-related illnesses and occurrences in particular populations, including their distribution, frequency, and determinants, and the application of this research to control health problems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15347346241246339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T03:00:21Z","timestamp":1714014021000},"page":"371-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Burden of Chronic Nonhealing Wounds: An Overview of the Worldwide Humanistic and Economic Burden to the Healthcare System"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1026-373X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aditya","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish Kumar","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Biostatistics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arvind","family":"Pratap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mumtaz Ahmad","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0313-9895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivek","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0b013e32835bf2a3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-2902.isj20170617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67695-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pdi.1012"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"159","article-title":"Chronic wounds: evaluation and management","volume":"101","author":"Bowers S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bowers S, Franco E. Chronic wounds: evaluation and management. Am Fam Physician. 2020;101(3):159-166.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2004.10.019"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Recognition and management of wound infections","volume":"7","author":"Collier M","year":"2004","unstructured":"Collier M. Recognition and management of wound infections. World Wide Wounds. 2004;7(1):8-14.","journal-title":"World Wide Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(05)70575-2"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"92","article-title":"Improving holistic assessment of chronic wounds: how to meet patient expectation using the new best practice statement","volume":"14","author":"Fletcher J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fletcher J, Barrett S. Improving holistic assessment of chronic wounds: how to meet patient expectation using the new best practice statement. Wounds UK. 2018;14(5):92-95.","journal-title":"Wounds UK"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.136.7.765"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2010.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2017.26.6.292"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","unstructured":"Gupta S Sagar S Maheshwari G. (1 C.E. January). Chronic wounds: magnitude socioeconomic burden and consequences [Review of chronic wounds: magnitude socioeconomic burden and consequences]. Wounds Asia. https:\/\/Woundsasia.com\/Wp-Content\/Uploads\/Sites\/10\/2023\/02\/7229b530005696c539c21e9c7718e28a.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2004.13.8.26657"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2010.19.5.48046"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.1994.3.6.294"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0329-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0400-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32553\/ijmbs.v3i8.480"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12767"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.142559"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475X.1994.20305.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2016.12.016"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"55","article-title":"World alliance for wound and lymphedema care","volume":"22","author":"Macdonald JM","year":"2010","unstructured":"Macdonald JM, Geyer MJ. World alliance for wound and lymphedema care. Wounds 2010;22(3):55-59.","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12538"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.016782"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b01408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2019.142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2702.2003.00859.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","article-title":"EWMA document: home care-wound care: overview, challenges and perspectives","volume":"23","author":"Probst SD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Probst SD, Seppanen SM, Gerber V, et al. EWMA document: home care-wound care: overview, challenges and perspectives. J Wound Care. 2014;23(1):S1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/jowc.2014.23.sup5a.s1","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","article-title":"Wound without walls: the new model of providing care during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"32","author":"Rogers LC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rogers LC, Armstrong DG, Capotorto J, et al. Wound without walls: the new model of providing care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Wounds. 2020;32(7):1-6.","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","first-page":"5","article-title":"Chronic wounds as a public health problem] [article in Croatian]","volume":"68","author":"\u0160itum M","year":"2014","unstructured":"\u0160itum M, Koli\u0107 M, Red\u017eepi G, Antoli\u0107 S. Chronic wounds as a public health problem] [article in Croatian]. Acta Med Croatica. 2014;68(Suppl 1):5-7.","journal-title":"Acta Med Croatica"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734617696730"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-09653-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734606297987"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Patient self-help in the management of chronic wounds","volume":"7","author":"White R","year":"2016","unstructured":"White R. Patient self-help in the management of chronic wounds. Wounds UK EWMA SPECIAL. 2016;7(1):8-9.","journal-title":"Wounds UK EWMA SPECIAL"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","first-page":"108","article-title":"Surgical site infections: biofilms, dehiscence and delayed healing","volume":"4","author":"Wolcott R","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wolcott R, Cutting KF, Dowd S. Surgical site infections: biofilms, dehiscence and delayed healing. Wounds UK. 2008;4(4):108-113. https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/y2usrfyh","journal-title":"Wounds UK"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","first-page":"6","article-title":"An epidemiological study of 100 subjects of chronic nonhealing wounds","volume":"3","author":"Shobha Bhat K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shobha Bhat K, Sahu M, Shukla VK. An epidemiological study of 100 subjects of chronic nonhealing wounds. IJAAS. 2014;3(1):6-10.","journal-title":"IJAAS"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734604273660"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000411408.97930.af"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000410689.60105.7d"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","first-page":"7631659","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of diabetic foot ulcer: a population-based diabetic foot cohort (ADFC study) \u2013 two-year follow-up study","volume":"2018","author":"Yazdanpanah L","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yazdanpanah L, Shahbazian H, Nazari I, et al. Incidence and risk factors of diabetic foot ulcer: a population-based diabetic foot cohort (ADFC study) \u2013 two-year follow-up study. Int J Endocrinol. 2018;2018(1):7631659.","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","first-page":"12","article-title":"Cutaneous wound repair","volume":"10","author":"Calvin M","year":"1998","unstructured":"Calvin M. Cutaneous wound repair. Wounds. 1998;10(1):12-32.","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2005.14.1.26724"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.9b00737"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","unstructured":"Pacella R (2017) Chronic wound in Australia (Issue Paper). Australian Centre for Healthcare Services Innovation (AusHSI) Australia. 1-24."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtumed.2016.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2009.18.4.41607"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2009.00543.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","first-page":"83","article-title":"Prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer and associated risk factors in diabetic patients from North India","volume":"4","author":"Shahi SK","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shahi SK, Kumar A, Kumar S, et al. Prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer and associated risk factors in diabetic patients from North India. JDFC. 2012;4(3):83-91.","journal-title":"JDFC"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15347346241246339","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15347346241246339","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15347346241246339","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T21:47:01Z","timestamp":1779400021000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15347346241246339"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15347346241246339"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15347346241246339","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-7346","1552-6941"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-7346","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6941","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]}}}