{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T22:31:06Z","timestamp":1779402666268,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the association between skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and lower extremity ulcer (LEU) risk, and to develop and externally validate a prediction model incorporating SMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed NHANES 1999\u20132004 data and validated findings in a hospital-based cohort. LEUs included diabetic foot, venous, arterial, and pressure ulcers. SMI was calculated from DXA-derived appendicular lean mass. Logistic regression assessed SMI\u2013LEU associations; restricted cubic splines tested non-linearity. LASSO identified predictors for a nomogram, evaluated using AUC, calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 7194 participants, lower SMI quartiles were associated with higher LEU odds (Q1: OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.06-2.86; Q2: OR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.03-3.03 vs Q4). No non-linear association was observed. The final model (SMI group, marital status, smoking, diabetes, CKD, RBC) showed acceptable discrimination (AUC: 0.618 training; 0.682 validation) and acceptable calibration, although its clinical applicability remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower SMI showed an independent association with increased LEU risk, and the exploratory model incorporating SMI and clinical factors provides preliminary evidence for its potential use in future risk assessment research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15347346251409496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T12:05:05Z","timestamp":1766750705000},"page":"618-628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Skeletal Muscle Mass Index and Risk of Lower Extremity Ulcers: Analysis of NHANES Data with External Hospital Validation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0909-7335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honglei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yefeng","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1494229"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dci22-0043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0318216"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.06.055"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"109","volume-title":"Pressure Injury, Diabetes and Negative Pressure Wound Therapy","author":"Pemayun TGD","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pemayun TGD, Naibaho RM. Risk factors for lower extremity amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. In: Shiffman MA, Low M, eds. Pressure Injury, Diabetes and Negative Pressure Wound Therapy. Springer International Publishing; 2020:109-142."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chmed.2024.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2024.113345"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.662073"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041230"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjfa.2024.100003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"153473462513437","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease as an independent risk factor for chronic lower extremity ulcers: A cross-sectional analysis of US adults","author":"Gao H","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gao H, Yang J, Wang Z, Wu S, Yi Y. Chronic kidney disease as an independent risk factor for chronic lower extremity ulcers: A cross-sectional analysis of US adults. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2025:15347346251343707.","journal-title":"Int J Low Extrem Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112254"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.01.083"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-015-0057-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.08.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030715"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10974-019-09520-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.08.218"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2022.110134"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.03.020"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15347346251409496","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15347346251409496","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15347346251409496","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T21:48:29Z","timestamp":1779400109000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15347346251409496"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15347346251409496"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15347346251409496","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-7346","1552-6941"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-7346","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6941","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]}}}