{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:18:47Z","timestamp":1792801127088,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Integr Cancer Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer-cachexia is associated with chronic inflammation, impaired muscle metabolism and body mass loss, all of which are classical targets of physical exercise.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of exercise on body and muscle mass in cachectic cancer hosts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed\/Medline, EMBASE, CINHAL, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched until July 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Selection:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trials had to be randomized controlled trials or controlled trials including cancer patients or animal models with cachexia-inducing tumors. Only sole exercise interventions over at least 7 days performed in a controlled environment were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Extraction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Risk of bias was assessed and a random-effects model was used to pool effect sizes by standardized mean differences (SMD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All eligible 20 studies were performed in rodents. Studies prescribed aerobic (n = 15), strength (n = 3) or combined training (n = 2). No statistical differences were observed for body mass and muscle weight of the gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis muscles between the exercise and control conditions (SMD = \u20120.05, 95%CI-0.64-0.55, P = 0.87). Exercise duration prior to tumor inoculation was a statistical moderator for changes in body mass under tumor presence ( P = 0.04).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No human trials were identified. A large study heterogeneity was present, probably due to different exercise modalities and outcome reporting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exercise does not seem to affect cancer-cachexia in rodents. However, the linear regression revealed that exercise duration prior to tumor inoculation led to reduced cachexia-severity, possibly strengthening the rationale for the use of exercise in cancer patients at cachexia risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735420940414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]],"date-time":"2020-09-19T05:08:20Z","timestamp":1600492100000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Can Exercise Counteract Cancer Cachexia? A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7309-0161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timo","family":"Niels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Tomanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Freitag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Schumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1534735420940414","volume-title":"Innere Medizin","author":"Greten H","year":"2000","edition":"13"},{"key":"bibr2-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00019.2005"},{"key":"bibr3-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2012.10.021"},{"key":"bibr4-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-002-0408-6"},{"key":"bibr5-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-012-0096-0"},{"key":"bibr6-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2013-0554"},{"key":"bibr7-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2009.12.004"},{"key":"bibr8-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-011-0047-1"},{"key":"bibr9-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.06.013"},{"key":"bibr10-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-011-0028-4"},{"key":"bibr11-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1128(199905)19:3<223::AID-MED3>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"bibr12-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(02)00235-8"},{"key":"bibr13-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00016.2008"},{"key":"bibr14-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2018.05.006"},{"key":"bibr15-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0670fje"},{"key":"bibr16-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00164.2004"},{"key":"bibr17-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800408317345"},{"key":"bibr18-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2014.11.029"},{"key":"bibr19-1534735420940414","first-page":"115","volume":"18","author":"Perniconi B","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bas Appl Myol"},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr20-1534735420940414","first-page":"CD010804","author":"Grande AJ","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr21-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7"},{"key":"bibr22-1534735420940414","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2014. http:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"},{"key":"bibr23-1534735420940414","unstructured":"RStudio Team. RStudio connect 1.8.4. Accessed March 25, 2020. http:\/\/www.rstudio.com\/"},{"key":"bibr24-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03"},{"key":"bibr25-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986030003261"},{"key":"bibr26-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3001666"},{"key":"bibr27-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186"},{"key":"bibr28-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.11"},{"key":"bibr29-1534735420940414","first-page":"89","volume":"95","author":"Duval S","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"bibr30-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446"},{"key":"bibr31-1534735420940414","volume-title":"Publication Bias in Meta-Analysis: Prevention, Assessment and Adjustments","author":"Rothstein HR","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr32-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307972"},{"key":"bibr33-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11030285"},{"key":"bibr34-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00465"},{"key":"bibr35-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2016.11.005"},{"key":"bibr36-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2016-0436"},{"key":"bibr37-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12721"},{"key":"bibr38-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6439"},{"key":"bibr39-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201802430R"},{"key":"bibr40-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2016.01.014"},{"key":"bibr41-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.17162"},{"key":"bibr42-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198506000-00015"},{"key":"bibr43-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2016.08.025"},{"key":"bibr44-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.1495"},{"key":"bibr45-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/0704-RM-93"},{"key":"bibr46-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2044-5040-2-14"},{"key":"bibr47-1534735420940414","first-page":"87","volume":"6","author":"Kryczyk M","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cancer Sci Ther"},{"key":"bibr48-1534735420940414","first-page":"911","volume":"44","author":"Lira FS","year":"2012","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"bibr49-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2010.492082"},{"key":"bibr50-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-008-0849-9"},{"key":"bibr51-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001916"},{"key":"bibr52-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.13305"},{"key":"bibr53-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y89-135"},{"key":"bibr54-1534735420940414","first-page":"803","volume":"27","author":"Faustino-Rocha AI","year":"2013","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"bibr55-1534735420940414","first-page":"5649","volume":"46","author":"Tayek JA","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"bibr56-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109980040100200301"},{"key":"bibr57-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00716.2007"},{"key":"bibr58-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12232"},{"key":"bibr59-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00358"},{"key":"bibr60-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.01.011"},{"key":"bibr61-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1559827617725283"},{"key":"bibr62-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.05.027"},{"key":"bibr63-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12201"},{"key":"bibr64-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4790-y"},{"key":"bibr65-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0329c.xd"},{"key":"bibr66-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2015-0640"},{"key":"bibr67-1534735420940414","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000001221"},{"key":"bibr68-1534735420940414","unstructured":"US National Library of Medicine, ClinicalTrials.gov. Evaluating the combined intervention of nutritional supplementation (Remune) and exercise in patients with cancer cachexia. Published October 18, 2019. Accessed May 5, 2020. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04131426"},{"key":"bibr69-1534735420940414","unstructured":"US National Library of Medicine, ClinicalTrials.gov. Psycho-educational and rehabilitative intervention for cancer cachexia (PRICC). Published November 6, 2019. Accessed May 5, 2020. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04153019"}],"container-title":["Integrative Cancer Therapies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1534735420940414","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1534735420940414","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1534735420940414","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:16:59Z","timestamp":1777454219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1534735420940414"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":69,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1534735420940414"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1534735420940414","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-7354","1552-695X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-7354","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-695X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"article-number":"1534735420940414"}}