{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T13:55:31Z","timestamp":1781790931376,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"],"abstract":"\n Cronobacter sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n , an opportunistic foodborne pathogen associated with powdered infant formula, causes severe neonatal infections, yet its interaction with gastric epithelial cells remains poorly characterized. Here, we conducted a preliminary\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n study to evaluate early host\u2013pathogen responses of\n C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n in AGS gastric epithelial cells. AGS cells were exposed to\n C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n ATCC 29544 at a multiplicity of infection of 100 for 2 h, and cytotoxicity and transcriptional responses were assessed by viability assay, gentamicin protection assay, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Infection significantly reduced AGS cell viability and increased expression of bacterial virulence-associated genes (\n ompA<\/jats:italic>\n and\n hfq<\/jats:italic>\n ) and host inflammatory genes (\n IL-8<\/jats:italic>\n and\n NF-\u0199B<\/jats:italic>\n ) compared with mock-infected controls (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Gentamicin-protected recovery was consistent with bacterial entry into AGS cells, although confirmatory imaging-based analyses were not performed. These findings indicate that\n C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n (ATCC 29544) can elicit early cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory responses in AGS gastric epithelial cells under\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n conditions, supporting the need for confirmatory studies in more physiologically relevant gastric study models.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15353141261461975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T15:09:20Z","timestamp":1781622560000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gastric Infection by\n Cronobacter sakazakii<\/i>\n : An\n In Vitro<\/i>\n Insight"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1412-0890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Babak","family":"Pakbin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne U.","family":"Mertens-Talcott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-025-10524-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2015.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2022.2101426"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57586-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12132572"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.03161-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2024.100269"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2023.104241"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-018-0089-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2022.105643"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2024.0177"}],"container-title":["Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15353141261461975","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15353141261461975","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15353141261461975","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T13:47:42Z","timestamp":1781790462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15353141261461975"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15353141261461975"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15353141261461975","relation":{},"ISSN":["1535-3141","1556-7125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1535-3141","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-7125","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"article-number":"15353141261461975"}}