{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T23:10:52Z","timestamp":1790118652510,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,2]],"date-time":"2013-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antiobesity effect of combinational mulberry leaf extract (MLE) and mulberry fruit extract (MFE) in a high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese mice. Mice were fed a control diet or a HF diet for nine weeks. After obesity was induced, the mice were administered with single MLE at low dose (133\u2009mg\/kg\/day, LMLE) and high dose (333\u2009mg\/kg\/day, HMLE) or combinational MLE and MFE (MLFE) at low dose (133\u2009mg MLE and 67\u2009mg MFE\/kg\/day, LMLFE) and high dose (333\u2009mg MLE and 167\u2009mg MFE\/kg\/day, HMLFE) by stomach gavage for 12 weeks. The mulberry leaf and fruit extract treatment for 12 weeks did not show liver toxicity. The single MLE and combinational MLFE treatments significantly decreased plasma triglyceride, liver lipid peroxidation levels and adipocyte size and improved hepatic steatosis as compared with the HF group. The combinational MLFE treatment significantly decreased body weight gain, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. HMLFE treatment significantly improved glucose control during intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test compared with the HF group. Moreover, HMLFE treatment reduced protein levels of oxidative stress markers (manganese superoxide dismutase) and inflammatory markers (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, C-reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 and interleukin-1) in liver and adipose tissue. Taken together, combinational MLFE treatment has potential antiobesity and antidiabetic effects through modulation of obesity-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in HF diet-induced obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370213498982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,2]],"date-time":"2013-09-02T23:47:09Z","timestamp":1378165629000},"page":"1160-1169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Anti-inflammatory and antiobesity effects of mulberry leaf and fruit extract on high fat diet-induced obesity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"238","author":[{"given":"Hyun Hwa","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Ok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of East-West 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