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Pneumococcal compounds are pro-inflammatory mediators that induce an innate immune response and tryptophan degradation through the kynurenine pathway. Vitamin B6 acts as a cofactor at the active sites of enzymes that catalyze a great number of reactions involved in the metabolism of tryptophan, preventing the accumulation of neurotoxic intermediates. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of vitamin B6 on memory and on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the brain of adult Wistar rats subjected to pneumococcal meningitis. The animals received either 10\u2009\u00b5L of artificial cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) or an equivalent volume of S. pneumoniae suspension. The animals were divided into four groups: control, control treated with vitamin B6, meningitis, and meningitis treated with vitamin B6. Ten days after induction, the animals were subjected to behavioral tests: open-field task and step-down inhibitory avoidance task. In the open-field task, there was a significant reduction in both crossing and rearing in the control group, control\/B6 group, and meningitis\/B6 group compared with the training session, demonstrating habituation memory. However, the meningitis group showed no difference in motor and exploratory activity between training and test sessions, demonstrating memory impairment. In the step-down inhibitory avoidance task, there was a difference between training and test sessions in the control group, control\/B6 group, and meningitis\/B6 group, demonstrating aversive memory. In the meningitis group, there was no difference between training and test sessions, demonstrating impairment of aversive memory. In the hippocampus, BDNF expression decreased in the meningitis group when compared to the control group; however, adjuvant treatment with vitamin B6 increased BDNF expression in the meningitis group. Thus, vitamin B6 attenuated the memory impairment in animals subjected to pneumococcal meningitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370214535896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,6]],"date-time":"2014-06-06T03:32:34Z","timestamp":1402025554000},"page":"1360-1365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Vitamin B6 prevents cognitive impairment in experimental pneumococcal meningitis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"239","author":[{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Barichello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Experimental, Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Unidade Acad\u00eamica de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 888806-000, Crici\u00fama, SC, Brasil"},{"name":"Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The 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