{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:26:21Z","timestamp":1792585581783,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]],"date-time":"2017-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005357","name":"Agent\u00fara na Podporu V\u00fdskumu a V\u00fdvoja","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APVV-15-0111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-15-0111"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this article was to perform a systematic review of the recent literature on urethral tissue engineering. A total of 31 articles describing the use of tissue engineering for urethra reconstruction were included. The obtained results were discussed in three groups: cells, scaffolds, and clinical results of urethral reconstructions using these components. Stem cells of different origin were used in many experimental studies, but only autologous urothelial cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes were applied in clinical trials. Natural and synthetic scaffolds were studied in the context of urethral tissue engineering. The main advantage of synthetic ones is the fact that they can be obtained in unlimited amount and modified by different techniques, but scaffolds of natural origin normally contain chemical groups and bioactive proteins which increase the cell attachment and may promote the cell proliferation and differentiation. The most promising are smart scaffolds delivering different bioactive molecules or those that can be tubularized. In two clinical trials, only onlay-fashioned transplants were used for urethral reconstruction. However, the very promising results were obtained from animal studies where tubularized scaffolds, both non-seeded and cell-seeded, were applied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main goal of this article was to perform a systematic review of the recent literature on urethral tissue engineering. It summarizes the most recent information about cells, seeded or non-seeded scaffolds and clinical application with respect to regeneration of urethra.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370217731289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,12]],"date-time":"2017-09-12T00:52:07Z","timestamp":1505177527000},"page":"1772-1785","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Tissue engineering of urethra: Systematic review of recent           literature"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"242","author":[{"given":"Stanislav","family":"\u017diaran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine,\r        Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava 833 05, Slovak Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Galambo\u0161ov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and\r        Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava 811\r        08, Slovak Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5074-9621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L'ubo\u0161","family":"Dani\u0161ovi\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and\r        Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava 811\r        08, Slovak Republic"},{"name":"Regenmed Ltd, Bratislava 811 02, Slovak\r        Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1535370217731289","first-page":"160","volume-title":"Current operative surgery: urology","author":"Warwick RT","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr2-1535370217731289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0b013e32833ee8d5"},{"key":"bibr3-1535370217731289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.05.114"},{"key":"bibr4-1535370217731289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382007000400002"},{"key":"bibr5-1535370217731289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2016.01.11"},{"key":"bibr6-1535370217731289","first-page":"98","volume":"57","author":"Steenkamp JW","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"bibr7-1535370217731289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-1591.85445"},{"key":"bibr8-1535370217731289","unstructured":"Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA. 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