{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T15:00:32Z","timestamp":1792249232010,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,7]],"date-time":"2018-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2015R1D1A3A01019577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2015R1D1A3A01019577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Intermittent fasting may be an effective intervention to protect against age-related metabolic disturbances, although it is still controversial. Here, we investigated the effect of intermittent fasting on the deterioration of the metabolism and cognitive functions in rats with estrogen deficiency and its mechanism was also explored. Ovariectomized rats were infused with \u03b2-amyloid (25-35; Alzheimer\u2019s disease) or \u03b2-amyloid (35-25, Non-Alzheimer\u2019s disease; normal cognitive function) into the hippocampus. Each group was randomly divided into two sub-groups: one with intermittent fasting and the other fed ad libitum: Alzheimer\u2019s disease-ad libitum, Alzheimer\u2019s disease-intermittent fasting, Non-Alzheimer\u2019s disease-ad libitum, and Non-Alzheimer\u2019s disease-intermittent fasting. Rats in the intermittent fasting groups had a restriction of food consumption to a 3-h period every day. Each group included 10 rats and all rats fed a high-fat diet for four weeks. Interestingly, Alzheimer\u2019s disease increased tail skin temperature more than Non-Alzheimer\u2019s disease and intermittent fasting prevented the increase. Alzheimer\u2019s disease reduced bone mineral density in the spine and femur compared to the Non-Alzheimer\u2019s disease, whereas bone mineral density in the hip and leg was reduced by intermittent fasting. Fat mass only in the abdomen was decreased by intermittent fasting. Intermittent fasting decreased food intake without changing energy expenditure. Alzheimer\u2019s disease increased glucose oxidation, whereas intermittent fasting elevated fat oxidation as a fuel source. Alzheimer\u2019s disease and intermittent fasting deteriorated insulin resistance in the fasting state but intermittent fasting decreased serum glucose levels after oral glucose challenge by increasing insulin secretion. Alzheimer\u2019s disease deteriorated short and spatial memory function compared to the Non-Alzheimer\u2019s disease, whereas intermittent fasting prevented memory loss in comparison to ad libitum. Unexpectedly, cortisol levels were increased by Alzheimer\u2019s disease but decreased by intermittent fasting. Intermittent fasting improved dyslipidemia and liver damage index compared to ad libitum. Alzheimer\u2019s disease lowered low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels compared to Non-Alzheimer\u2019s disease. In conclusion, Alzheimer\u2019s disease impaired not only cognitive function but also disturbed energy, glucose, lipid, and bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Intermittent fasting protected against the deterioration of these metabolic parameters, but it exacerbated bone mineral density loss and insulin resistance at fasting in Alzheimer\u2019s disease-induced estrogen-deficient rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intermittent fasting was evaluated for its effects on cognitive function and metabolic disturbances in a rat model of menopause and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Intermittent fasting decreased skin temperature and fat mass, and improved glucose tolerance with decreasing food intake. Intermittent fasting also prevented memory loss: short-term and special memory loss. Therefore, intermittent fasting may prevent some of the metabolic pathologies associated with menopause and protect against age-related memory decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370217751610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T19:18:58Z","timestamp":1515439138000},"page":"334-343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Intermittent fasting protects against the deterioration of cognitive           function, energy metabolism and dyslipidemia in Alzheimer\u2019s disease-induced estrogen           deficient rats"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"243","author":[{"given":"Bae Kun","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food & Nutrition, Obesity\/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan 336-795, South 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