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Methods: Rats were divided into 6 groups: ovariectomized estradiol-treated homocysteine or chow; ovariectomized placebo-treated homocysteine or chow; intact placebo-treated homocysteine or chow. Chow served as controls while homocysteine served as exaggerated intimal hyperplasia. Prior to endarterectomy, rats were implanted with estradiol mini-pump or placebo, diets given 2 weeks before and after surgery. Homocysteine, estrogen, and neointimal hyperplasia were determined. Results: Homocysteine was elevated in homocysteine groups versus controls except in estradiol-treated group. Intimal hyperplasia increased in placebo-treated ovariectomized homocysteine versus intact group. Exaggerated intimal hyperplasia in placebo-treated ovariectomized homocysteine was reduced by estrogen and so was homocysteine. Estrogen replacement in ovariectomized homocysteine group reduced intimal hyperplasia to that of intact or ovariectomized controls. Conclusion: Estradiol treatment in this ovariectomized hyperhomocysteinemia carotid endarterectomy and resultant attenuation of homocysteine and neointima may have relevance to the beneficial effects of estrogen on hyperplastic response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574411418127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,19]],"date-time":"2012-01-19T06:55:02Z","timestamp":1326956102000},"page":"720-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Estrogen Replacement Attenuates Exaggerated Neointimal Hyperplasia Following Carotid Endarterectomy in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"John O.","family":"Nyalala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aliza 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