{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:46:09Z","timestamp":1777941969759,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712880000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vasc Endovascular Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to investigate the flow effects in different degrees of thoracic aortic stent graft protrusion extension by creating bird beak effect simulations using accurate 3D geometry and a realistic, nonlinear, elastic biomechanical model using computer-aided software SolidWorks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Segmentation in 3D of an aortic arch from a computed tomography (CT) scan of a real-life patient was performed using SolidWorks. A parametric analysis of three models was performed: (A) Aortic arch with no stent, (B) 3\u00a0mm bird-beak configuration, and (C) 6.5\u00a0mm bird-beak configuration. Flow velocity, pressure, vorticity, wall shear stress (WSS), and time average WSS were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The flow velocity in Model A remained relatively constant and low in the area of the ostium of the brachiocephalic artery and doubled in the left subclavian artery. On the contrary, Models B and C showed a decrease in velocity of 52.3 % in the left subclavian artery. Furthermore, Model B showed a drop in velocity of 82.7% below the bird-beak area, whereas Model C showed a decline of 80.9% in this area. The pressure inside the supra-aortic branches was higher in Model B and C compared with Model A. In Model A, vorticity only appeared at the level of the descending aorta, with low to non-vorticity in the aortic arch. In contrast, Models B and C had an average vorticity of 241.4\u00a0Hz within the bird beak area. Regarding WSS, Model A, and Model B shared similar WSS in the peak systolic phase, in the aortic arch, and the bird beak area, whereas Model C had an increased WSS by 5\u00a0Pa on average at these zones.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the present simulations\u2019 lower velocities, higher pressures, vortices, and WSS were observed around the bird beak zone, the aortic arch, and the supra-aortic vessels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15385744241247272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T12:11:30Z","timestamp":1712923890000},"page":"595-601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Analysis of Aortic Arch Hemodynamics With Simulated Bird\u2019s Beak Effects"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5101-1541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauricio","family":"Gonzalez-Urquijo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2041-8056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerardo Alejandro","family":"Fumagal Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor Manuel","family":"C\u00e1rdenas Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnulfo Alejandro","family":"Morales Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan Alejandro","family":"Guzman Valladares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danielle Catherine","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcos David","family":"Moya Bencomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Israel","family":"Botello Arredondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8548-6833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario Alejandro","family":"Fabiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.07.098"},{"key":"bibr2-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.09.079"},{"key":"bibr3-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2012.09.063"},{"key":"bibr4-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1583\/14-4778MR.1"},{"key":"bibr5-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10091468"},{"key":"bibr6-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2011.41.8.423"},{"key":"bibr7-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15385744211012926"},{"key":"bibr8-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/243\/1\/012003"},{"key":"bibr9-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-4-64"},{"key":"bibr10-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10867-006-9027-7"},{"key":"bibr11-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2015.04.018"},{"key":"bibr12-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezx254"},{"key":"bibr13-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1526602820959662"},{"key":"bibr14-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-8028-1_5"},{"key":"bibr15-15385744241247272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sengupta S, Zhu Y, Hamady M. Evaluating the haemodynamic performance of endografts for complex aortic arch repair; 2022. 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