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Smartphones were primarily linked to De Quervain\u2019s tenosynovitis and flexor pollicis longus tendinopathy, while computers and visual display units were associated with carpal tunnel syndrome and repetitive strain injuries. Key risk factors included repetitive thumb movements, prolonged static wrist postures and extended daily exposure. Biomechanical studies confirmed increased joint loading and muscle activity during intensive use. Preventive strategies \u2013 such as limiting usage time, improving ergonomics, alternating hands and incorporating regular breaks \u2013 showed potential benefits, particularly when combined with user education. Most included studies were cross-sectional, limiting causal inference and highlighting the need for longitudinal research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15394492261490100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:04:24Z","timestamp":1791461064000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Digital Device Use and Hand\u2013Wrist Disorders: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1259-1276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheila","family":"Santandrea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Candido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Mazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Cricco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9037-4767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Tedeschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al Shahrani E. 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