{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T08:26:06Z","timestamp":1787127966856,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U01 CA176726"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 CA176726"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Irene M. & Fredrick J. Stare Nutrition Education Fund Doctoral Scholarship"},{"name":"Mayer Fund Doctoral Scholarship"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007316","name":"Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U01 CA176726"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 CA176726"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","award":["HD096033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD096033"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is increasing evidence that women who have experienced infertility are at greater risk for several chronic conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations are not clear. Pathophysiology may be illuminated through observation of aberrant systemic biomarkers. However, there are limited data on infertility history and midlife biomarkers of inflammation, lipids, and adipokines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among participants with biomarker measurements in the Nurses\u2019 Health Study II, we used generalized linear models to assess history of infertility and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3,518), interleukin-6 (IL-6,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3,145), soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor 2 (sTNFR2,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2,648), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1,387), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1,193), total cholesterol (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4,427), leptin (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2,228), and adiponectin (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3,810). We investigated specific infertility diagnoses separately, as well as heterogeneity by body mass index (&lt;25 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      versus \u226525 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), age at first infertility report, and primary versus secondary infertility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On average, participants were 44 years at blood draw (range: 32\u201354 years). We observed no difference by infertility history in levels of CRP (% difference: 6.9, 95% confidence interval [\u22121.4,16.0]), sTNFR2 (\u22120.6% [\u22122.4,1.2]), HDL-C (0.2% [\u22123.1,3.6]), total cholesterol (0.6% [\u22120.5,1.8]), or adiponectin (\u22121.7% [\u22125.0,1.8]). Women who had experienced infertility had higher IL-6 (5.0% [0.1,10.1]) and leptin (6.5% [1.7,11.6]) and lower LDL-C (\u22123.7% [\u22127.0, \u22120.3]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was little evidence that women with a history of overall infertility have altered levels of inflammatory markers, total and HDL-C, or adiponectin compared with gravid women without infertility. In fully adjusted models, history of infertility was associated with higher IL-6 and leptin, as well as lower LDL-C levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15409996251414608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:53:14Z","timestamp":1768283594000},"page":"497-505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["History of Infertility and Plasma Markers of Inflammation, Cholesterol, and Adipokines Among Participants in the Nurses\u2019 Health Study II"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Leslie V.","family":"Farland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA."},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"William J.","family":"Degnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey J.","family":"Gaskins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge E.","family":"Chavarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet W.","family":"Rich-Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. 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