{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T17:40:12Z","timestamp":1793036412806,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013015","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["the Barbra Streisand Women\u2019s Cardiovascular Rese"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["the Barbra Streisand Women\u2019s Cardiovascular Rese"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013015","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["the Louis B. Mayer Foundation, Smidt Heart Institu"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["the Louis B. Mayer Foundation, Smidt Heart Institu"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100028771","name":"Mayo Clinic Health System","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Mayo Clinic Women\u2019s Health Research Center"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Mayo Clinic Women\u2019s Health Research Center"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100028771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) is a common form of secondary amenorrhea caused partly by undernutrition relative to demand.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the dietary nutritional intake between women with FHA and eumenorrheic controls and evaluate micronutrient profiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study included 30 women with FHA and 29 eumenorrheic controls not on hormones. FHA was defined as \u22653 consecutive months of amenorrhea, estradiol of &lt;50 pg\/mL, and FSH and LH of &lt;10 mIU\/L, excluding other etiologies. A 3-day food diary was collected for dietary analysis, excluding dietary supplements using ESHA Research Food Processor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age of women with FHA and controls was 26.4 years \u00b1 6.2 versus 30.3 years \u00b1 3.7 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002), with no differences in BMI (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.16) or the waist-to-hip ratio (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.71). Women with FHA and controls consumed comparable median calorie intake (1784 kcal [1465, 2011] vs. 1732 kcal [1578, 1982],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.62), with no differences in self-reported exercise patterns. Women with FHA consumed more dietary protein (84.2g [74, 112] vs. 74 g [59, 92],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and dietary fiber (30.1 g [22, 43] vs. 17.3 g [15, 23],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02) versus controls, respectively. When expressed as a percentage of estimated average requirements (% estimated average requirement), women with FHA had higher intakes of vitamin A (105% [45, 219] vs. 43% [21, 86],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.005), vitamin C (201% [139, 351] vs. 107% [75, 190],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004), and iron (169% [146, 220] vs. 120% [99, 192],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.027) compared with controls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with FHA had similar caloric intake to eumenorrheic controls but consumed more dietary protein, fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, and iron. Future studies should examine the nutritional profiles of women with FHA in relation to long-term health consequences such as bone and vascular health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15409996261428013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T19:04:52Z","timestamp":1773255892000},"page":"662-669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dietary Intake of Macronutrients and Micronutrients in Women with Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Erin R.","family":"Uddenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."},{"name":"Mayo Clinic Women\u2019s Health, General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Safwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."},{"name":"Mayo Clinic Women\u2019s Health, General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Castaneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."},{"name":"Mayo Clinic Women\u2019s Health, General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Saadedine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."},{"name":"Mayo Clinic Women\u2019s Health, General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"Maughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria D.","family":"Hurtado Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."},{"name":"Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie S.","family":"Faubion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."},{"name":"Mayo Clinic Women\u2019s Health, General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margareta D.","family":"Pisarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA."},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Berga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JoAnn E.","family":"Manson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. 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