{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T07:00:47Z","timestamp":1785481247543,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZIAES09013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIAES09013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZIAES103333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIAES103333"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dairy intake has been associated with lower fibroid incidence in some studies, but none used standardized serial ultrasound screening to detect fibroids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined dairy intake and fibroid development in the Study of Environment, Lifestyle and Fibroids, a prospective cohort (2010\u20132018) of 1,610 Black\/African American women with no prior clinical diagnosis of fibroids. At the baseline, participants completed a Food Frequency Questionnaire about their intake of daily milk, cheese, yogurt, and total dairy. At three follow-up visits, conducted approximately every 20 months, participants updated their cow\u2019s milk intake. Incident cases were those with ultrasound-detected fibroids among those fibroid-free at the baseline ultrasound. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios for fibroid incidence with 95% confidence intervals (CI). For fibroid growth, we calculated the change in log-volume from one visit to the next.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The majority (83%) of participants consumed\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">&lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.5 cups of milk\/day. Neither dairy nor milk intake was appreciably associated with fibroid incidence. However, the baseline total dairy consumption of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u2265<\/jats:italic>\n                      1 versus &lt;1 cup\/day was associated with a 19% decrease (95% CI = \u221234%, \u22120.8%) in fibroid growth over the first 20-month interval. The baseline milk intake of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u2265<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.5 versus &lt;0.5 cups\/day was associated with a 26% decrease in growth (95% CI = \u221239%, \u221211%) in the same interval. We did not observe similar associations between time-varying milk intake and growth over other study intervals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The data from this prospective ultrasound study provide some evidence that dairy intake may reduce fibroid growth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15409996261428014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T03:00:51Z","timestamp":1773889251000},"page":"735-743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dairy Intake and Uterine Fibroid Development: A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Ky\u2019Era V.","family":"Actkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren A.","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganesa R.","family":"Wegienka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Ultrasound, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA."},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Marie Z.","family":"Jukic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna D.","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5866-848X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quaker E.","family":"Harmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.99"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14640"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2020.8983"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa097"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.016600"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.08.851"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.116.241521"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp355"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez278"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0029-7844(99)00305-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0291157"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6133\/apjcn.2013.22.1.07"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2022.100010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2015.5277"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199001000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90099-b"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/phn2005763"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","volume-title":"Food Patterns Equivalents Database 2011-12: Methodology and User Guide","author":"Bowman SA","year":"2014","unstructured":"21. Bowman SA, , Clemens JC, , Friday JE, et al. Food Patterns Equivalents Database 2011-12: Methodology and User Guide. Food Surveys Research Group, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture: Beltsville, Maryland; 2014 ."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-3359"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1658"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.33.7.1217"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12103006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","volume-title":"Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020\u20132025","author":"U. S. Department of Agriculture, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2020","unstructured":"27. U. S. Department of Agriculture, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. 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