{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T08:26:04Z","timestamp":1787127964028,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000867","name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["77148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["77148"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000867","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary objective of this study was to estimate the specificity of cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing to predict the presence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN2+) among transmasculine patients. The exploratory objective compared the specificity of cytology and hrHPV tests among three populations: transmasculine patients using testosterone, premenopausal cisgender, and postmenopausal cisgender patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This multicenter retrospective cohort study included individuals aged 18\u201365 undergoing cervical cancer screening from 2015 to 2024. Transmasculine patients were included if using\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u2265<\/jats:italic>\n                      30 mg daily transdermal or\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u2265<\/jats:italic>\n                      30 mg weekly subcutaneous testosterone for at least 6 months with no estrogen supplementation. Patients with co-tests followed by colposcopy or hysterectomy were included in the sensitivity and specificity analysis. McNemar\u2019s test was used to examine differences in specificity between cytology and hrHPV tests within each cohort.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 2,437 records screened, 149 (70 transmasculine, 30 postmenopausal, and 49 premenopausal) met the inclusion criteria with co-tests followed by histologic confirmation\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">via<\/jats:italic>\n                      colposcopy or hysterectomy. In the transmasculine cohort, the specificity of screening to predict CIN2+ was comparable between cytology (68.9% [95% CI: 55.7\u2009\u2212\u200980.1%]) and hrHPV tests (63.9% [95% CI: 50.6\u2009\u2212\u200975.8%]) with a\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value of 0.26. Sensitivity was equivalent in the transmasculine cohort. In the postmenopausal cohort, specificity was significantly lower for hrHPV screening compared to cytology (24.1% vs. 69.0%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ability of cytology and hrHPV screening to predict the presence of CIN2 + was not different in the transmasculine population. With high insufficient cytology rates, transitioning to primary hrHPV screening can limit unwanted pelvic exams and unnecessary diagnostic testing in transmasculine patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15409996261433761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T03:03:08Z","timestamp":1773889388000},"page":"670-676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cytology and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing Performance for Cervical Cancer Screening in Transmasculine Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Katherine","family":"Bolten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haley","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Research Unit, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carter","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyla","family":"Smart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astha","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gene","family":"De Haan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Jou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Bruegl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2404457"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.10897"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-013-2753-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2020.09.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"Rastogi A Menard L Miller GH et al. 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