{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T12:33:25Z","timestamp":1777811605149,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,1]],"date-time":"2002-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1022889600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sex hormones, including estradiol, play important physiological roles in bone metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is estrous-cycle-dependent variation in orthodontic tooth movement, and, if so, to determine the mechanism. Ten-week-old female Wistar rats were used. They received repeated orthodontic force during specific phases in the estrous cycle. Tooth movement in animals that received force principally in estrus was about 33% greater than that in animals that received such force principally in pro-estrus (p &lt; 0.05). Serum estradiol levels also varied according to the estrous cycle, with a peak during pro-estrus and a nadir during estrus, and were inversely related to tooth movement. Furthermore, there were negative correlations between estradiol and both serum TRAP activity and pyridinoline (r = -0.42, p &lt; 0.05; r = -0.59, p &lt; 0.001). These results suggest that cyclic changes in the estradiol level may be associated with the estrous-cycle-dependent variation in tooth movement through its effects on bone resorption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910208100610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,8]],"date-time":"2009-01-08T19:39:42Z","timestamp":1231443582000},"page":"406-410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Estrous-cycle-dependent Variation in Orthodontic Tooth                Movement"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Haruyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Life-Long Oral Health\r               Science, and"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, Tohoku\r               University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575,\r               Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Life-Long Oral Health\r               Science, and"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, Tohoku\r               University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575,\r               Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Saeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Life-Long Oral Health\r               Science, and"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, Tohoku\r               University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575,\r               Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Otsuka-Isoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Life-Long Oral Health\r               Science, and"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, Tohoku\r               University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575,\r               Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Shinoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Life-Long Oral Health\r               Science, and"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, Tohoku\r               University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575,\r               Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Mitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Life-Long Oral Health\r               Science, and"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, Tohoku\r               University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575,\r               Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ADACHI-ETAL-1994","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345940730081301"},{"key":"ANGSTWURM-ETAL-1997","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1996.0178"},{"key":"BUTCHER-ETAL-1974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-94-6-1704"},{"key":"CANNON-AND-DINARELLO-1985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3871966"},{"key":"CHEN-ETAL-1956","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60119a033"},{"key":"CHIU-ETAL-1999","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1999.14.4.609"},{"key":"ERIKSEN-ETAL-1988","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3388021"},{"key":"GORAI-ETAL-1998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.2.4584"},{"key":"HARRIS-ETAL-1996","unstructured":"Harris SA, Tau KR, Turner RT, Spelsberg TC -1996-\n               Estrogens and progestins. In: Principles of bone biology. Bilezikian JP, Raisz LG,\n               Rodan GA, editors. San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 507-520."},{"key":"IGARASHI-ETAL-1994","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(94)70048-6"},{"key":"KOTO-ETAL-1987","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koto M, Miwa M, Tsuji K, Okamoto M, Adachi J\n                  -1987- Change in the electrical impedance caused by cornification of\n               the epithelial cell layer of the vaginal mucosa in the rat. Jikken\n                  Dobutsu 36:151\u2013156.","DOI":"10.1538\/expanim1978.36.2_151"},{"key":"MISHELL-ETAL-1971","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90927-6"},{"key":"MONTES-AND-LUQUE-1988","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000146639"},{"key":"RYGH-1986","unstructured":"Rygh P -1986- Periodontal response to tooth-moving\n               force: is trauma necessary? In: Orthodontics\u2014state of the art. Graber LW, editor. 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