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The availability of valid self-reported measures of periodontal disease would facilitate epidemiologic studies on a much larger scale, allow for integration of new studies of periodontal disease within large ongoing studies, and facilitate lower-cost population surveillance of periodontitis. Several studies have been conducted to validate self-reported measures for periodontal disease, but results have been inconsistent. In this report, we conducted a systematic review of the validation studies. We reviewed the 16 studies that assessed the validity of self-reported periodontal and gingivitis measures against clinical gold standards. Seven of the studies included self-reported measures specific to gingivitis, four included measures only for periodontitis, and five included both gingivitis and periodontal measures. Three of the studies used a self-assessment method where they provided the patient with a detailed manual for performing a self-exam. The remaining 13 studies asked participants to self-report symptoms, presence of periodontal disease itself, or their recollection of a dental health professional diagnosing them or providing treatment for periodontal disease. The review indicates that some measures showed promise, but results varied across populations and self-reported measures. One example of a good measure is, \u201cHas any dentist\/hygienist told you that you have deep pockets?\u201d, which had a sensitivity of 55%, a specificity of 90%, positive predictive value of 77%, and negative predictive value of 75% against clinical pocket depth. Higher validity could be potentially obtained by the use of combinations of several self-reported questions and other predictors of periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910508401003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,8]],"date-time":"2009-01-08T19:39:42Z","timestamp":1231443582000},"page":"881-890","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":242,"title":["Validation of Self-reported Periodontal Disease: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Blicher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA;"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; and \rDivision of Oral Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Joshipura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA;"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; and \rDivision of Oral Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Eke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA;"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; and \rDivision of Oral Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ANTCZAK-ETAL-1986A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01464.x"},{"key":"ANTCZAK-ETAL-1986B","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01465.x"},{"key":"ATCHISON-ETAL-1998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.1998.tb03013.x"},{"key":"ATCHISON-AND-DOLAN-1990","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.1990.54.11.tb02481.x"},{"key":"BARRON-1977","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529795"},{"key":"BATTELLE-MEMORIAL-INSTITUTE-1999","unstructured":"Battelle Memorial Institute (1999). 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