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We analyzed patterns of partial tooth agenesis in seven kindreds with defined MSX1 mutations and ten kindreds with defined PAX9 mutations. The probability of missing a particular type of tooth is always bilaterally symmetrical, but differences exist between the maxilla and mandible. MSX1-associated oligodontia typically includes missing maxillary and mandibular second bicuspids and maxillary first bicuspids. The most distinguishing feature of MSX1-associated oligodontia is the frequent (75%) absence of maxillary first bicuspids, while the most distinguishing feature of PAX9-associated oligodontia is the frequent (&gt; 80%) absence of the maxillary and mandibular second molars.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910608500312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,8]],"date-time":"2009-01-08T19:39:42Z","timestamp":1231443582000},"page":"267-271","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Novel\n                    <i>MSX1<\/i>\n                    Frameshift Causes Autosomal-dominant Oligodontia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"J.-W.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan Dental Research Lab, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;"},{"name":"Seoul National University, College of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, 28-2 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Korea 110-768; and"},{"name":"University of California at San Francisco, School of Dentistry, Department of Growth and Development, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S-630, San Francisco, CA 94143-0430, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"Simmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan Dental Research Lab, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;"},{"name":"Seoul National University, College of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, 28-2 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Korea 110-768; and"},{"name":"University of California at San Francisco, School of Dentistry, Department of Growth and Development, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S-630, San Francisco, CA 94143-0430, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.P.-J.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan Dental Research Lab, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;"},{"name":"Seoul National University, College of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, 28-2 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Korea 110-768; and"},{"name":"University of California at San Francisco, School of Dentistry, Department of Growth and Development, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S-630, San Francisco, CA 94143-0430, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.C.-C.","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan Dental Research Lab, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;"},{"name":"Seoul National University, College of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, 28-2 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Korea 110-768; and"},{"name":"University of California at San Francisco, School of Dentistry, Department of Growth and Development, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S-630, San Francisco, CA 94143-0430, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"BENDALL-ETAL-1998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-0436.1998.6330151.x"},{"key":"BENDALL-ETAL-1999","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.22.4965"},{"key":"CHEN-ETAL-1996","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.122.10.3035"},{"key":"DAS-ETAL-2002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-002-0699-1"},{"key":"DAS-ETAL-2003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.10011"},{"key":"DE-MUYNCK-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.30181"},{"key":"FRAZIER-BOWERS-ETAL-2002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0810129"},{"key":"GORLIN-ETAL-1990","unstructured":"Gorlin RJ, Cohen M Jr, Leven L -1990- Syndromes of the head and neck. 3rd ed. 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