{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T12:33:42Z","timestamp":1777811622521,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":174,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,1]],"date-time":"2007-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1196467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the controversy about the risk of individuals developing bacterial endocarditis of oral origin, numerous Expert Committees in different countries continue to publish prophylactic regimens for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis secondary to dental procedures. In this paper, we analyze the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of bacteremia following dental manipulations and in the prevention of bacterial endocarditis (in both animal models and human studies). Antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines remain consensus-based, and there is scientific evidence of the efficacy of amoxicillin in the prevention of bacteremia following dental procedures, although the results reported do not confirm the efficacy of other recommended antibiotics. The majority of studies on experimental models of bacterial endocarditis have verified the efficacy of antibiotics administered after the induction of bacteremia, confirming the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in later stages in the development of bacterial endocarditis. There is no scientific evidence that prophylaxis with penicillin is effective in reducing bacterial endocarditis secondary to dental procedures in patients considered to be \"at risk\". It has been suggested that there is a high risk of severe allergic reactions secondary to prophylactically administered penicillins, but, in reality, very few cases have been reported in the literature. It has been demonstrated that antibiotic prophylaxis could contribute to the development of bacterial resistance, but only after the administration of several consecutive doses. Future research on bacterial endocarditis prophylactic protocols should involve the re-evaluation of the time and route of administration of antibiotic prophylaxis, and a search for alternative antimicrobials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910708601203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,8]],"date-time":"2009-01-08T19:39:42Z","timestamp":1231443582000},"page":"1142-1159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Efficacy of Antibiotic Prophylactic Regimens for the Prevention of Bacterial Endocarditis of Oral Origin"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"I. Tom\u00e1s","family":"Carmona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Needs Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University -Spain-; and"},{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray\u2019s Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Diz Dios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Needs Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University -Spain-; and"},{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray\u2019s Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Scully","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Needs Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University -Spain-; and"},{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray\u2019s Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"AITKEN-ETAL-1995","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4808789"},{"key":"AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION-1955","unstructured":"American Heart Association -1955- Prevention of rheumatic fever and bacterial endocarditis through control of streptococcal infections. Circulation 11:317\u2013320."},{"key":"AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION-1960","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.21.1.151"},{"key":"AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION-1972","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1972.0512"},{"key":"ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS-OF-INFECTIVE-ENDOCARDITIS-1982","unstructured":"Antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis -1982- Report of a working party of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy -editorial- Lancet 2:1323\u20131326."},{"key":"ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS-OF-INFECTIVE-ENDOCARDITIS-1990","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis: recommendations from the endocarditis working party of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy -editorial-1990- Lancet 13:88\u201389.","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90549-K"},{"key":"ATKINSON-AND-KALINER-1992","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)30328-5"},{"key":"BALTCH-ETAL-1982A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-198205000-00003"},{"key":"BALTCH-ETAL-1982B","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(82)90164-8"},{"key":"BARTLETT-AND-HOWELL-1973","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(73)90117-5"},{"key":"BENDER-AND-PRESSMAN-1956","unstructured":"Bender IB, Pressman RS -1956- Antibiotic treatment of the gingival sulcus in prevention of postextraction bacteremia. J Oral Surg\n                      -Chic-\n                      14:20\u201328."},{"key":"BENDER-ETAL-1984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1984.0432"},{"key":"BERNEY-AND-FRANCIOLI-1990","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/161.2.281"},{"key":"BISHARAT-ETAL-2001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960100568"},{"key":"BOMBASSARO-ETAL-2001","unstructured":"Bombassaro AM, Wetmore SJ, John MA -2001-\n                      Clostridium difficile\n                      colitis following antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures. J Can Dent Assoc 67:20\u201322."},{"key":"BOR-AND-HIMMELSTEIN-1984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(84)90300-0"},{"key":"BOUDEWIJNS-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01017-06"},{"key":"BOUZA-ETAL-2001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200109000-00003"},{"key":"BREITKOPF-ETAL-2005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000158481.07569.8D"},{"key":"BRODALA-ETAL-2005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000167525.69400.9c"},{"key":"BROOK-2002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000064684"},{"key":"BURNETTE-CURLEY-ETAL-1995","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.12.4669-4674.1995"},{"key":"CABALLERO-BORREGO-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caballero-Borrego J, G\u00f3mez-Doblas JJ, Garc\u00eda Pinilla JM, de Teresa-Galv\u00e1n E -2006- Lack of compliance of recommendations of endocarditis prophylaxis in outpatients. Med Clin\n                      -Barc-\n                      127:475\u2013476.","DOI":"10.1157\/13093060"},{"key":"CALATAYUD-AND-MARTIN-2003","unstructured":"Calatayud J, Mart\u00edn G -2003- C\u00e1lculo de tama\u00f1os muestrales. In: Bioestad\u00edstica en la investigaci\u00f3n odontol\u00f3gica. Calatayud J, Mart\u00edn G, editors. Madrid: Pues S.L., pp. 145\u2013166."},{"key":"CAROZZA-ETAL-2006","unstructured":"Carozza A, De Santo LS, Romano G, Della Corte A, Ursomando F, Scardone M,\n                      et al.\n                      -2006- Infective endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers: patterns of presentation and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment. J Heart Valve Dis 15:125\u2013131."},{"key":"CECCHI-ETAL-2004","unstructured":"Cecchi E, Forno D, Imazio M, Migliardi A, Gnavi R, Dal Conte I,\n                      et al.\n                      -2004- New trends in the epidemiological and clinical features of infective endocarditis: results of a multicenter prospective study. Ital Heart J 5:249\u2013256."},{"key":"CHRISTENSEN-ETAL-1985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Christensen GD, Simpson WA, Beachey EH -1985- Adhesion of bacteria to animal tissues\u2014complex mechanisms. In: Bacterial adhesion. Fletcher M, Savage DC, editors. New York: Plenum Publ., pp. 279\u2013305.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-6514-7_10"},{"key":"CLEMENS-AND-RANSOHOFF-1984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(84)90004-3"},{"key":"DAJANI-ETAL-1990","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450220085028"},{"key":"DAJANI-ETAL-1997","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540460058033"},{"key":"DALL-ETAL-1990","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/161.6.1221"},{"key":"DAN-ETAL-1997","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000239571"},{"key":"DANKERT-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.2.947-952.2006"},{"key":"DELAHAYE-AND-DE-GEVIGNEY-2001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.85.1.9"},{"key":"DENTAL-ASPECTS-OF-ENDOCARDITIS-PROPHYLAXIS-2004","unstructured":"Dental aspects of endocarditis prophylaxis -2004- New recommendations from a working group of the British Cardiac Society Clinical Practice Committee and Royal College of Physicians Clinical Effectiveness and Evaluation. http:\/\/www.rcseng.ac.uk\/fds\/docs\/ie_recs.pdf"},{"key":"DIZ-DIOS-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01550-05"},{"key":"DRANGSHOLT-1998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1998.3.1.184"},{"key":"DUKES-AND-ARONSON-2000","unstructured":"Dukes MNG, Aronson JK -2000- Meyler\u2019s side effects of drugs. 14th rev. ed. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science."},{"key":"DURACK-1995","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199501053320107"},{"key":"DURACK-1998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-10-199811150-00015"},{"key":"DURACK-AND-PETERSDORF-1973","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI107220"},{"key":"DURACK-ETAL-1983","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1983.03340170044026"},{"key":"DUVAL-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/504385"},{"key":"ELLIOTT-AND-DUNBAR-1968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.43.230.451"},{"key":"ENG-ETAL-1982","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1982.00340230208037"},{"key":"FIEHN-ETAL-1995","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.5.1399-1401.1995"},{"key":"FINCH-1990","unstructured":"Finch R -1990- Chemoprophylaxis of infective endocarditis. Scand J Infect Dis 70 -Suppl-102\u2013110."},{"key":"FLEMING-ETAL-1990","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(90)90206-8"},{"key":"FLUCKIGER-ETAL-1994","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.12.2846"},{"key":"FORBAT-AND-SKEHAN-1993","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/14.6.812"},{"key":"GARCIA-ETAL-1996","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda E, Azanza JR, P\u00e9rez JH -1996- Antibi\u00f3ticos en odontoestomatolog\u00eda y cirug\u00eda maxilofacial. Estructura qu\u00edmica y principios b\u00e1sicos farmacocin\u00e9ticos. In: Terap\u00e9utica antimicrobiana en odontoestomatolog\u00eda. Li\u00e9bana Ure\u00f1a J, Bag\u00e1n Sebasti\u00e1n JV, editors. Madrid, Spain: IM&C, pp. 59\u201399."},{"key":"GARRISON-AND-FREEDMAN-1970","unstructured":"Garrison PK, Freedman LR -1970- Experimental endocarditis I. Staphylococcal endocarditis in rabbits resulting from placement of a polyethylene catheter in the right side of the heart. Yale J Biol Med 42:394\u2013410."},{"key":"GARVEY-AND-NEU-1978","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-197803000-00001"},{"key":"GLAUSER-AND-FRANCIOLI-1982","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/146.6.806"},{"key":"GLAUSER-AND-FRANCIOLI-1987","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/20.suppl_A.87"},{"key":"GLAUSER-ETAL-1983","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/147.3.568"},{"key":"GOKER-AND-GUVENER-1992","unstructured":"G\u00f6ker K, G\u00fcvener O -1992- Antibacterial effects of ofloxacin, clindamycin and sultamicillin on surgical removal of impacted third molars. J Marmara Univ Dent Fac 1:237\u2013249."},{"key":"GOULD-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl121"},{"key":"GROPPO-ETAL-2005","unstructured":"Groppo FC, Castro FM, Pacheco AB, Motta RH, Filho TR, Ramacciato JC,\n                      et al.\n                      -2005- Antimicrobial resistance of\n                      Staphylococcus aureus\n                      and oral streptococci strains from high-risk endocarditis patients. Gen Dent 53:410\u2013413."},{"key":"HALL-ETAL-1993","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.2.188"},{"key":"HALL-ETAL-1996A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01691150"},{"key":"HALL-ETAL-1996B","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/37.4.783"},{"key":"HARRISON-ETAL-1985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/15.4.471"},{"key":"HASHWAY-AND-STONE-1982","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.66.5.1110"},{"key":"HEAD-ETAL-1984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(84)90129-4"},{"key":"HEHRE-AND-NEILL-1946","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.83.2.147"},{"key":"HEIRO-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2005.084715"},{"key":"HERZBERG-1996","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411960070030201"},{"key":"HESS-ETAL-1983","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hess J, Holloway Y, Dankert J -1983- Incidence of postextraction bacteremia under penicillin cover in children with cardiac disease. Pediatrics 71:554\u2013558.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.71.4.554"},{"key":"HOEN-ETAL-2002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.1.75"},{"key":"HORACIO-CASABE-ETAL-2003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-8932(03)76919-X"},{"key":"HORSTKOTTE-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2003.11.008"},{"key":"HRICAK-ETAL-1998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(98)00030-3"},{"key":"HUSSAR-1965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.31.6.953"},{"key":"IDSOE-ETAL-1968","unstructured":"Idsoe O, Guthe T, Wilcox RR, de Weck AL -1968- Nature and extent of penicillin side-reactions with particular reference to fatalities from anaphylactic shock. Bull World Health Organ 38:159\u2013188."},{"key":"INTERNATIONAL-RHEUMATIC-FEVER-STUDY-GROUP-1991","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"International Rheumatic Fever Study Group -1991- Allergic reactions to long-term benzathine penicillin prophylaxis for rheumatic fever. Lancet 337:1308\u20131310.","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)92979-C"},{"key":"ITO-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.53.189"},{"key":"JAMES-ETAL-1987","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/20.6.883"},{"key":"JOSEFSSON-ETAL-1985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/16.2.243"},{"key":"KANEKO-ETAL-1995","unstructured":"Kaneko A, Sasaki J, Yamazaki J, Kobayashi I -1995- Intravenous administration of vancomycin is ineffective against bacteremia following tooth extraction. Tokai J Exp Clin Med 20:65\u201366."},{"key":"KAPLAN-1977","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.56.2.139"},{"key":"KATSAROLIS-ETAL-2000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.9.2564-2566.2000"},{"key":"KINANE-ETAL-2005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00741.x"},{"key":"KNIRSCH-ETAL-2005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2004.03.035"},{"key":"KOTILAINEN-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890600622119"},{"key":"KRCMERY-ETAL-2003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2003.15.6.579"},{"key":"KUSSER-ETAL-1985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1985.tb09146.x"},{"key":"LANG-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(03)00102-6"},{"key":"LEPORI-ETAL-2001","unstructured":"Lepori M, Bochud PY, Owlya R, Broccard A, Schaller MD -2001- Endocarditis due to HACEK bacteria. A case report of endocarditis due to\n                      Kingella kingae\n                      . Rev Med Suisse Romande 121:47\u201350."},{"key":"LEPORT-ETAL-1995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leport C, Horstkotte D, Burckhardt D -1995- Antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis from an international group of experts towards a European consensus. Eur Heart J 16 -Suppl B-126\u2013131.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/16.suppl_B.126"},{"key":"LEVINER-ETAL-1987","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(87)90145-9"},{"key":"LITTLE-1998","unstructured":"Little J -1998- The American Heart Association\u2019s guidelines for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis: a critical review. Gen Dent 46:508\u2013515."},{"key":"LOCKHART-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000129303.90488.29"},{"key":"LONGMAN-ETAL-1987","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/20.4.557"},{"key":"LONGMAN-ETAL-1992","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/30.3.349"},{"key":"LONGMAN-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Longman LP, Martin NV, Field EA, Milosevic A, Randall C, Davies M,\n                      et al.\n                      -2004- Cause for concern? Br Dent J 197:115.","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4811550"},{"key":"LOPEZ-ETAL-1987","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(87)90719-8"},{"key":"LOUPA-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2004.00884.x"},{"key":"LOWY-ETAL-1983A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110813"},{"key":"LOWY-ETAL-1983B","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.23.1.67"},{"key":"LUCAS-ETAL-2002A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.9.3416-3420.2002"},{"key":"LUCAS-ETAL-2002B","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/24.3.293"},{"key":"MACGREGOR-AND-HART-1986","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MacGregor AJ, Hart P -1986- The effect of a single large dose of amoxycillin on oral streptococci. J Antimicrob Chemother 18:113\u2013117.","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/18.1.113"},{"key":"MALINVERNI-ETAL-1988","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.77.1.182"},{"key":"MANFORD-ETAL-1992","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manford M, Matharu J, Farrington K -1992- Infective endocarditis in a district general hospital. J R Soc Med 85:262\u2013266.","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689208500507"},{"key":"MARRIE-ETAL-1987","unstructured":"Marrie TJ, Cooper JH, Costerton JW -1987- Ultrastructure of cardiac bacterial vegetations on native valves with emphasis on alterations in bacterial morphology following antibiotic treatment. Can J Cardiol 3:275\u2013280."},{"key":"MASKELL-ETAL-1990","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/26.4.539"},{"key":"MATE-DEL-TIO-ETAL-1997","unstructured":"Mat\u00e9 del Tio M, G\u00f3mez Cerezo J, Garc\u00e9s Jimenez MC, Mat\u00e9 Valdezate A, Gamallo C, Barbado Hern\u00e1ndez FJ,\n                      et al.\n                      -1997- Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis: a review of a necropsy series. Rev Clin Esp 197:9\u201313."},{"key":"MILLAR-ETAL-2001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540110026764"},{"key":"MIZEN-AND-WOODNUTT-1988","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/21.3.273"},{"key":"MOREILLON-ETAL-1986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/154.5.801"},{"key":"MURDOCH-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1601-0825.2003.01000.x"},{"key":"NAKANO-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00377-06"},{"key":"NAKANO-ETAL-2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.2007.00332.x"},{"key":"NEALON-ETAL-1986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.51.2.529-535.1986"},{"key":"NELSON-AND-VAN-BLARICUM-1989","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1989.0215"},{"key":"NOMURA-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46609-0"},{"key":"OAKLEY-1987","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/20.suppl_A.99"},{"key":"OLIVER-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliver R, Roberts GJ, Hooper L -2004- Penicillins for the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis in dentistry. Cochrane Database Syst Rev -2-CD003813.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003813.pub2"},{"key":"PALLASCH-1989","unstructured":"Pallasch TJ -1989- A critical appraisal of antibiotic prophylaxis. Int Dent J 39:183\u2013196."},{"key":"PARSEK-AND-SINGH-2003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.57.030502.090720"},{"key":"PATUREL-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2004.00794.x"},{"key":"PELLETIER-ETAL-1975","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108096"},{"key":"PLUMMER-AND-DOUGLAS-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2006.00161.x"},{"key":"PUJADAS-ETAL-1986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.29.5.909"},{"key":"RINDI-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2006.01675.x"},{"key":"ROBERTS-AND-HOLZEL-2002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4801617"},{"key":"ROBERTS-ETAL-1987","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4806069"},{"key":"ROBERTS-ETAL-2000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4800399"},{"key":"RODBARD-1963","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.27.1.18"},{"key":"RODGERS-ETAL-1983","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V61.6.1155.1155"},{"key":"ROUSE-ETAL-1997","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.8.1673"},{"key":"ROVERY-ETAL-2005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.1.163-167.2005"},{"key":"SADAGHIANI-ETAL-2005","unstructured":"Sadaghiani L, Robb N, McAndrew R -2005- Adverse reaction to prophylactic amoxicillin: a case report. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 13:150\u2013153."},{"key":"SAKKA-ETAL-2005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki363"},{"key":"SANDRE-AND-SHAFRAN-1996","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.2.276"},{"key":"SAVARRIO-ETAL-2005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2004.09.008"},{"key":"SCHELD-ETAL-1978","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109057"},{"key":"SCHWARZ-LINEK-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04027.x"},{"key":"SEFTON-ETAL-1990","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/25.6.975"},{"key":"SEKIDO-ETAL-1999","unstructured":"Sekido M, Takano T, Takayama M, Hayakawa H -1999- Survey of infective endocarditis in the last 10 years: analysis of clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic features. J Cardiol 33:209\u2013215."},{"key":"SHANSON-ETAL-1978","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/4.5.431"},{"key":"SHANSON-ETAL-1985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/15.1.83"},{"key":"SHANSON-ETAL-1987","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/20.1.85"},{"key":"SHULMAN-ETAL-1984","unstructured":"Shulman ST, Amren DP, Bisno AL, Dajani AS, Durack DT, Gerber MA,\n                      et al.\n                      -1984- Prevention of bacterial endocarditis: a statement for health professionals by the Committee on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young. Circulation 70:1123A\u20131127A."},{"key":"SIMMONS-ETAL-1986","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simmons NA, Cawson RA, Clarke C, Eykyn SJ, Geddes AM, Littler WA,\n                      et al.\n                      -1986- Antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis: changes to BSAC recommendations. Lancet 1:1267.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91400-5"},{"key":"SIMMONS-ETAL-1992","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91618-I"},{"key":"SMITH-ETAL-2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2006.06.008"},{"key":"SOUTHALL-ETAL-1983","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Southall PJ, Mahy NJ, Davies RM, Speller DC -1983- Resistance in oral streptococci after repeated two-dose amoxycillin prophylaxis. J Antimicrob Chemother 12:141\u2013146.","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/12.2.141"},{"key":"SOUTHWICK-AND-DURACK-1974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.27.4.261"},{"key":"STROM-ETAL-1998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-10-199811150-00002"},{"key":"SUZUKI-ETAL-1997","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1997.tb01911.x"},{"key":"THOMPSON-ETAL-1982","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01640778"},{"key":"THORNTON-AND-ALVES-1981","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(81)90334-0"},{"key":"TOMAS-ETAL-2002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(01)00056-2"},{"key":"TOMAS-ETAL-2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516663"},{"key":"TONG-AND-ROTHWELL-2000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2000.0181"},{"key":"TRAN-AND-KJELDSEN-2006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540600585180"},{"key":"TSITSIKA-ETAL-2000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.6.1754-1756.2000"},{"key":"TZUKERT-ETAL-1986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(86)90286-0"},{"key":"VAN-DER-MEER-2002","unstructured":"van der Meer JTM -2002- Prophylaxis of endocarditis. Neth J Med 60:423\u2013427."},{"key":"VAN-DER-MEER-ETAL-1992A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1992.00400210087014"},{"key":"VAN-DER-MEER-ETAL-1992B","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)90207-J"},{"key":"VERGIS-ETAL-2001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2001.112544"},{"key":"VERMOT-ETAL-1996","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.3.809"},{"key":"VOGELMAN-ETAL-1988","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/158.4.831"},{"key":"VUILLE-AND-BLOCH-1992","unstructured":"Vuille C, Bloch A -1992- Do dentists enforce correctly the recommendations for prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis? Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 85:227\u2013232."},{"key":"WAHL-AND-PALLASCH-2005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-005-0056-3"},{"key":"WAHLMANN-ETAL-1999","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(99)00075-8"},{"key":"WATANAKUNAKORN-1994","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1994.00420200086009"},{"key":"WATANAKUNAKORN-AND-BURKET-1993","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199303000-00003"},{"key":"WILSON-ETAL-2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2007.0262"},{"key":"WOODMAN-ETAL-1985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-19-1-15"},{"key":"WYNN-ETAL-1999","unstructured":"Wynn RL, Meiller TF, Crossley H, Overholser CD -1999- Recent reports calling for reduction of antibiotic prophylaxis in dental procedures: a response. Gen Dent 47:124\u2013130."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/154405910708601203","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/154405910708601203","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/154405910708601203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T21:03:36Z","timestamp":1777496616000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/154405910708601203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"references-count":174,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/154405910708601203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/154405910708601203","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0345","1544-0591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0345","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-0591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]}}}