{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:09:11Z","timestamp":1777853351776,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. Tuberculosis and HIV coinfection poses unique clinical and psychosocial complexities that can impact nonadherence to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). Methods. This was a prospective case series to identify risk factors for HAART nonadherence among 43 patients with HIV and tuberculosis (TB) in Lima, Peru. Nonadherence was defined by patient self-report. Results. The median initial CD4 and HIV viral load were 63 and 159,000, respectively. Patients had received a median of 6.1 months of ART. Univariable analysis found low social support, substance use, and depression to be associated with nonadherence. In multivariable analysis, low social support was associated with nonadherence. Conclusions. In the authors' urban cohort of HIV-TB coinfected individuals in Lima, Peru, substance use, depression, and lack of social support were key barriers to adherence. These findings suggest that adherence interventions may be unsuccessful unless they target the underlying psychosocial challenges faced by patients living with TB and AIDS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1545109708315326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,4]],"date-time":"2008-03-04T21:58:35Z","timestamp":1204667915000},"page":"74-81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Psychosocial Impact of Poverty on Antiretroviral Nonadherence Among HIV-TB Coinfected Patients in Lima, Peru"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Sonya","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Social Medicine and Health Inequalities, FXB Building, 7th Floor, 651 Huntington Ave,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maribel","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Socios en Salud, Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Betty","family":"Espiritu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Socios en Salud, Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jhon","family":"Zeladita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Socios en Salud, Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Hipolito Hunanue, Lima, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Callacna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Hipolito Hunanue, Lima, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Hipolito Hunanue, Lima, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Arevalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Dos de Mayo, Lima, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Ying Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, Connecticutt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adolfo","family":"Caldas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Social Medicine and Health Inequalities, FXB Building, 7th Floor, 651 Huntington Ave"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose Luis","family":"Sebastian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Lima, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13691050600965968"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.06.010"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/1P6N-BPDW-M7BM-P2DR"},{"key":"atypb4","first-page":"79","volume":"12","author":"Malow RM","year":"2000","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-6-284"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-005-0615-9"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.9.1487"},{"key":"atypb8","first-page":"281","volume":"20","author":"Killewo J.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1020-49892000001100005"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000248348.25630.74"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540129848442"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199905000-00021"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.11.1430"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2006.20.213"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200317003-00014"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-005-0012-8"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120050042891","volume":"12","author":"Chesney MA","year":"2000","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200004150-00005"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199806010-00003"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.19.2.124"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200011010-00003"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200406003-00004"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2002001000010"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/095401200750003842"},{"key":"atypb25","first-page":"263","volume":"9","author":"Rowe KA","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"The Five Elements of DOTS","author":"World Health Organization.","year":"2007"},{"key":"atypb27","first-page":"582","volume":"9","author":"Chimzizi R.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"atypb28","first-page":"1062","volume":"9","author":"Libamba E.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01783.x"},{"key":"atypb30","first-page":"484","volume":"313","author":"Cohen J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"South America. Science"},{"key":"atypb31","volume-title":"Analysis of the Epidemiologic Situation of HIV\/AIDS in Peru","author":"Peruvian Ministry of Health.","year":"2007"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.76.703"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545109706291394"},{"key":"atypb34","volume-title":"Scaling Up Antiretroviral Therapy in Resource-Limited Settings: Treatment Guidelines for a Public Health Approach","author":"World Health Organization."},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000395070"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bs.3830190102"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199010000-00001"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2002.01205.x"},{"key":"atypb39","first-page":"632","volume":"181","author":"Lackner JB","year":"1993","journal-title":"A longitudinal study at six time points. J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"atypb40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000069732"},{"key":"atypb41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198807000-00006"},{"key":"atypb42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0212-6567(02)78993-2","volume":"30","author":"Remor E.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aten Primaria"},{"issue":"153","key":"atypb43","first-page":"158","volume":"18","author":"Bellon Saameno JA","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aten Primaria"},{"key":"atypb44","first-page":"786","volume":"29","author":"Wu AW","year":"1991","journal-title":"Preliminary validation in persons with early HIV infection. Med Care"},{"key":"atypb45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200624080-00003"},{"key":"atypb46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200007070-00018"},{"key":"atypb47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.10011"},{"key":"atypb48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200405010-00016"},{"key":"atypb49","first-page":"389","volume":"35","author":"Andersen R.","year":"2000","journal-title":"HCSUS Consortium. HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study. Health Serv Res"},{"key":"atypb50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021156914683"},{"key":"atypb51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.3.713"},{"key":"atypb52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-3991(02)00127-1"},{"key":"atypb53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200408150-00014"},{"key":"atypb54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02600124"},{"key":"atypb55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.144.4.497"},{"key":"atypb56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2005.03.005"},{"key":"atypb57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200010010-00005"},{"key":"atypb58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2005.01409.x"},{"key":"atypb59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/095401200750003725"},{"key":"atypb60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000248349.25630.3d"},{"key":"atypb61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10872910260066705"},{"key":"atypb62","first-page":"71","volume":"9","author":"Conover CJ","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Ment Health Policy Econ"},{"key":"atypb63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945905279446"},{"key":"atypb64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-004-3507-7"},{"key":"atypb65","volume-title":"FORO Comunitario 2007 Latinoamericano y del Caribe en VIH\/SIDA e ITS","author":"Sebasti\u00e1n J."},{"key":"atypb66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69118-6"},{"key":"atypb67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/377546"},{"key":"atypb68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000176590.68430.59"},{"key":"atypb69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05550-7"},{"key":"atypb70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030449"},{"key":"atypb71","first-page":"1727","volume":"13","author":"Badia X.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spanish MOS-HIV and MQOL-HIV Validation Group. Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey. AIDS"},{"key":"atypb72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-5914-9"},{"key":"atypb73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-004-3709-z"},{"key":"atypb74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:QURE.0000021319.73865.5a"},{"key":"atypb75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/09564620260079608"}],"container-title":["Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1545109708315326","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1545109708315326","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:51:40Z","timestamp":1777503100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1545109708315326"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1545109708315326"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1545109708315326","relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-1097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-1097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}}}