{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T14:16:52Z","timestamp":1792678612332,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,9]],"date-time":"2016-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. The effect of levodopa on postural motor learning in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease is poorly understood. In particular, it is unknown whether levodopa affects improvement in protective postural responses after external perturbations such as a slip or trip, a critical aspect of fall prevention. Objective. Determine the effect of levodopa on postural motor learning in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease. Methods. We assessed improvement in protective postural responses in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease over short-term (1 day) perturbation training on and off levodopa. We also assessed retention and generalization of improvement. Participants were 22 individuals with Parkinson\u2019s disease. The primary outcome was total center of mass (COM) displacement after perturbation. Secondary outcomes assessed first step performance and included margin of stability at first foot contact. Results. People with Parkinson\u2019s disease improved COM displacement ( P = .011) and margin of stability ( P = .016) over training. Improvements in these outcomes were more pronounced after training while on levodopa than off levodopa. Levodopa State \u00d7 Training interactions were not observed for other step performance variables (eg, step latency, length, total number of steps). Improvements were retained for 24 hours, and for margin of stability, retention was more pronounced while on levodopa than off ( P = .018). Conclusions. Individuals with Parkinson\u2019s disease are able to improve protective postural responses through short-term perturbation training, and improvements were more pronounced when on levodopa for some variables. Perturbation training may be more effective if completed while optimally medicated with levodopa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968316648669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]],"date-time":"2016-05-09T22:30:29Z","timestamp":1462833029000},"page":"931-940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["The Effect of Levodopa on Improvements in Protective Stepping in People With Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System (VAPORHCS), Portland, OR, USA"},{"name":"Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA"},{"name":"University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fay B.","family":"Horak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System (VAPORHCS), Portland, OR, USA"},{"name":"Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20115"},{"key":"bibr2-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.016550"},{"key":"bibr3-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968311401627"},{"key":"bibr4-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1056"},{"key":"bibr5-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-2005-20305"},{"key":"bibr6-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968310376057"},{"key":"bibr7-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-2007-22402"},{"key":"bibr8-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/77.5.488"},{"key":"bibr9-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20140090"},{"key":"bibr10-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.05.013"},{"key":"bibr11-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7496-3"},{"key":"bibr12-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20090070"},{"key":"bibr13-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/11.12.1136"},{"key":"bibr14-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25687"},{"key":"bibr15-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2012.12.001"},{"key":"bibr16-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00095.2013"},{"key":"bibr17-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00197.2009"},{"key":"bibr18-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2012.02.006"},{"key":"bibr19-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25702"},{"key":"bibr20-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/mc.2014-0039"},{"key":"bibr21-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2014.03.041"},{"key":"bibr22-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2013.11.006"},{"key":"bibr23-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2015.00201"},{"key":"bibr24-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.04.036"},{"key":"bibr25-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096440"},{"key":"bibr26-1545968316648669","volume-title":"Investigation of the Inertial Properties of the Human Body","author":"Chandler R","year":"1975"},{"key":"bibr27-1545968316648669","volume-title":"Dynamics of Human Gait","author":"Vaughan C","year":"1992"},{"key":"bibr28-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.03.025"},{"key":"bibr29-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470549148"},{"key":"bibr30-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2004.12.008"},{"key":"bibr31-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01052.2014"},{"key":"bibr32-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22049"},{"key":"bibr33-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.06.021"},{"key":"bibr34-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.021147"},{"key":"bibr35-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wco.0000137530.68867.93"},{"key":"bibr36-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.03.068"},{"key":"bibr37-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1989.62.4.841"},{"key":"bibr38-1545968316648669","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00142"}],"container-title":["Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1545968316648669","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1545968316648669","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1545968316648669","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T07:06:37Z","timestamp":1777705597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1545968316648669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,9]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1545968316648669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1545968316648669","relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-9683","1552-6844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-9683","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,9]]}}}