{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:01:20Z","timestamp":1777942880767,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIA R01AG006457"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIA R01AG006457"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VA 5I01RX001075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VA 5I01RX001075"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20K19371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K19371"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) with and without freezing of Gait (FoG) may respond differently to exercise interventions for several reasons, including disease duration. This study aimed to determine whether both people with and without FoG benefit from the Agility Boot Camp with Cognitive Challenges (ABC-C) program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This secondary analysis of our ABC-C trial included 86 PD subjects: 44 without FoG (PD\u2212FoG) and 42 with FoG (PD\u2009+\u2009FoG). We collected measures of standing sway balance, anticipatory postural adjustments, postural responses, and a 2-minute walk with and without a cognitive task. Two-way repeated analysis of variance, with disease duration as covariate, was used to investigate the effects of ABC-C program. Effect sizes were calculated using standardized response mean (SRM) for PD\u2212FoG and PD\u2009+\u2009FoG, separately.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ABC-C program was effective in improving gait performance in both PD\u2212FoG and PD\u2009+\u2009FoG, even after controlling for disease duration. Specifically, dual-task gait speed ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), dual-cost stride length ( P\u2009=\u2009.012), and these single-task measures: arm range of motion ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), toe-off angle ( P\u2009=\u2009.005), gait cycle duration variability ( P\u2009=\u2009.019), trunk coronal range of motion ( P\u2009=\u2009.042), and stance time ( P\u2009=\u2009.046) improved in both PD\u2212FoG and PD\u2009+\u2009FoG. There was no interaction effect between time (before and after exercise) and group (PD\u2212FoG\/PD\u2009+\u2009FoG) in all 24 objective measures of balance and gait. Dual-task gait speed improved the most in PD\u2009+\u2009FoG (SRM\u2009=\u20091.01), whereas single-task arm range of motion improved the most in PD\u2212FoG (SRM\u2009=\u20091.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ABC-C program was similarly effective in improving gait (and not balance) performance in both PD\u2212FoG and PD\u2009+\u2009FoG.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683221119757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T06:52:14Z","timestamp":1661410334000},"page":"603-612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of a Cognitively Challenging Agility Boot Camp Program on Balance and Gait in People With Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Does Freezing of Gait Status Matter?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8626-1089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vrutangkumar V.","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Vitorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA"},{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoya","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5794-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Carlson-Kuhta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Nutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9802-4446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurie A.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4532-3984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Mancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fay B.","family":"Horak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA"},{"name":"APDM Wearable Technologies, A Clario company, Portland, OR, 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