{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:51:39Z","timestamp":1785419499200,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707955200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is an increasing need for motor assessments after stroke that can be performed quickly and remotely. The Fast Outcome Categorization of the Upper Limb after Stroke-4 (FOCUS-4) assessment remotely classifies upper limb outcome\u202finto 1 of 4 categories after stroke and was developed via retrospective analysis of Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the accuracy and reliability of FOCUS-4 assessments for categorizing upper limb outcome after stroke when administered remotely during a videocall compared to an in-person ARAT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were collected from 26 participants at 3\u2009months post-stroke (3M), 27 participants at 6\u2009months post-stroke (6M), and 56 participants at the chronic stage of stroke (&gt;6M). Participants performed an in-person ARAT and a remote FOCUS-4 assessment administered during a videocall, and accuracy was evaluated by comparing the upper limb outcome categories. Participants at the chronic stage of stroke also performed a second remote FOCUS-4 assessment to assess between-day reliability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall accuracy of the remote FOCUS-4 assessment was 88% at 3M and 96% at 6M. Overall accuracy of the first and second remote FOCUS-4 assessments at the chronic stage was 75% and 79%, respectively. Reliability of the FOCUS-4 assessment at the chronic stage was 82%. The remote FOCUS-4 assessment was most accurate and reliable for participants with mild or severe upper limb functional impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The remote FOCUS-4 assessment has potential to classify upper limb functional capacity or to screen possible participants for stroke trials, but external validation is required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683241231272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T06:34:31Z","timestamp":1707978871000},"page":"167-175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Accuracy and Reliability of Remote Categorization of Upper Limb Outcome After Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0995-296X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harry T.","family":"Jordan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9404-1959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathy M.","family":"Stinear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.604090"},{"key":"bibr2-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70150-4"},{"key":"bibr3-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017711813"},{"key":"bibr4-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20120112"},{"key":"bibr5-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.488"},{"key":"bibr6-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.06.009"},{"key":"bibr7-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015790"},{"key":"bibr8-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968320971763"},{"key":"bibr9-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.07.808"},{"key":"bibr10-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.033289"},{"key":"bibr11-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-022-01114-3"},{"key":"bibr12-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155221097322"},{"key":"bibr13-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.12.011"},{"key":"bibr14-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.035170"},{"key":"bibr15-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.592766"},{"key":"bibr16-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2013.783045"},{"key":"bibr17-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-198112000-00001"},{"key":"bibr18-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968307305353"},{"key":"bibr19-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18668"},{"key":"bibr20-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000033398"},{"key":"bibr21-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1026867"},{"key":"bibr22-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683221100492"},{"key":"bibr23-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010255.pub3"},{"key":"bibr24-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1604"},{"key":"bibr25-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0586-7"},{"key":"bibr26-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-013-9798-2"},{"key":"bibr27-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648211072537"},{"key":"bibr28-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00683"},{"key":"bibr29-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2019.0097"},{"key":"bibr30-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.017089"},{"key":"bibr31-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.029318"},{"key":"bibr32-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000200526"},{"key":"bibr33-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31055-4"},{"key":"bibr34-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-020-00773-4"},{"key":"bibr35-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968315624784"},{"key":"bibr36-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004744"},{"key":"bibr37-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.010477"},{"key":"bibr38-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaa188"},{"key":"bibr39-15459683241231272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0265828"}],"container-title":["Neurorehabilitation 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