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The underlying mechanism of this sensorimotor impairment is related to a decreased ability to regulate the tonic stretch reflex threshold (TSRT) through descending and peripheral control processes. In dynamics, the reflex threshold and its velocity-sensitivity (\u03bc) describe how movement in specific upper limb (UL) joint ranges is impaired after stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the relationships between measures of elbow flexor impairment using TSRT and \u03bc, and clinical scores of spasticity and motor function. We hypothesized that TSRT and \u03bc would be related to clinical spasticity and motor impairment scores in patients with acute and chronic stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TSRT, \u03bc, and clinical data of the resistance to passive movement (Modified Ashworth Scale) and UL motor function (Fugl-Meyer Assessment [FMA]) were collected from 120 patients. Relationships between variables were determined using simple correlations and multiple regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TSRT and \u03bc explained 72.0% of the variance in the FMA of the Upper Extremity [FMA-UE] describing only in-synergy and out-of-synergy movements and reflex function. TSRT explained 68.7% of the variance in the total score of the FMA-UE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study shows for the first time, a significant relationship between deficits in TSRT regulation and \u03bc with UL motor impairment after stroke. TSRT and \u03bc may be valuable clinical biomarkers of sensorimotor impairment for monitoring spontaneous or treatment-induced motor recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683251318689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T07:38:59Z","timestamp":1739432339000},"page":"386-399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Clinical Relevance of the Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold and \u03bc as Measures of Upper Limb Spasticity and Motor Impairment After Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5240-3798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Piscitelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joy","family":"Khayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6708-1456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anatol G.","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8965-7484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mindy F.","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30034-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70150-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968312440745"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.17.2095"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0911341"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968310361957"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968320969936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2021.644335"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Motor Control","author":"Latash ML.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Latash ML. 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