{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:25:11Z","timestamp":1786631111478,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Centre, Poland","award":["2017\/25\/B\/NZ7\/02795"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/25\/B\/NZ7\/02795"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Animal models suggest that intensive physical training may promote neuroplasticity in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), but its effects in humans remain underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To investigate the effects of aerobic interval training (AIT) on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, striatal [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]fluorodopa positron emission tomography\/computed tomography (PET\/CT) uptake ([\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]DOPA\n PET\/CT<\/jats:sub>\n ), electroencephalography (EEG), and motor function, and to explore their interrelations.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty PD patients were randomly assigned to a 12-week moderate-intensity AIT group (PD Training Group [PD-TR], n\u2009=\u200915) or a non-training group (PD Non-Training Group, n\u2009=\u200915). Pre- and post-intervention assessments included BDNF levels, striatal [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]DOPA\n PET\/CT<\/jats:sub>\n , EEG during motor task-evoked desynchronization (ERD\n MT<\/jats:sub>\n ) and rest-evoked synchronization (ERS\n REST<\/jats:sub>\n ) in primary motor cortex (M1) and\n supplementary motor area (SMA)<\/jats:ext-link>\n , and motor function assessed using the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part III and the Manual Bradykinesia Score for the Affected Upper Extremity (MBS-AUE) calculated as the sum of UPDRS items 3.4 to 3.6.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The PD-TR group showed increased BDNF levels (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.001) and improved motor scores (UPDRS III and MBS-AUE;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.05). Both groups exhibited increased EEG-ERS\n REST<\/jats:sub>\n M1 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.05) over time, with no changes in striatal [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]DOPA\n PET\/CT<\/jats:sub>\n uptake. Significant group differences were observed in correlations between changes (\u0394\u2009=\u2009POST minus PRE) in: \u0394BDNF with \u0394[\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F] DOPA\n PET\/CT<\/jats:sub>\n uptake in the putamen and \u0394EEG-ERD\n MT<\/jats:sub>\n M1 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.001); \u0394[\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]DOPA\n PET\/CT<\/jats:sub>\n uptake in the putamen with \u0394[\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]DOPA\n PET\/CT<\/jats:sub>\n uptake in the caudate and \u0394EEG-ERS\n REST<\/jats:sub>\n SMA (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.05); \u0394MBS-AUE scores with \u0394EEG-ERS\n REST<\/jats:sub>\n SMA (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Twelve-week AIT enhanced BDNF levels and motor function in PD-TR, with central nervous system neuroplasticity supporting motor recovery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683251360729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T09:25:42Z","timestamp":1754990742000},"page":"867-882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["12-Week Aerobic Interval Training Boosts Neuroplasticity and Motor Function in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Insights From BDNF, [\n 18<\/sup>\n F]Fluorodopa PET\/CT, and EEG"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4823-7042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Lorek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Kinesiology, Department of Physiotherapy in Movement System Dysfunctions and Kinesiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Science, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Chalimoniuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Health in Biala Podlaska, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Faculty in Biala Podlaska, Biala Podlaska, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f3zef","family":"Langfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"M\u0105czewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leszek","family":"Kr\u00f3licki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Markowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Budrewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Koszewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Wro\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Fundamentals, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Marusiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Kinesiology, Department of Physiotherapy in Movement System Dysfunctions and Kinesiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Science, Wroclaw, 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