{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T22:47:32Z","timestamp":1792882052559,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013301","name":"Parkinson\u2019s Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PF-CRA-2073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PF-CRA-2073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013301","name":"Parkinson\u2019s Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PF-PDF-1898"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PF-PDF-1898"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gait impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) occurs early and pharmaceutical interventions do not fully restore this function. Visual cueing has been shown to improve gait and alleviate freezing of gait (FOG) in PD. Technological development of digital laser shoe visual cues now allows for visual cues to be used continuously when walking. This study aimed to investigate the effects of laser shoe visual cueing on gait in people with PD across different disease severity (i.e., Hoehn &amp; Yahr [H&amp;Y] stages I-III) and FOG status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty people with PD (H&amp;YI\u2009=\u200920, H&amp;YII\u2009=\u200930 [15 FOG, 15 noFOG], H&amp;YIII\u2009=\u200930 [15 FOG, 15 noFOG]) walked a 10\u2009m straight path (back and forth) self-paced for 80\u2009seconds without and then with laser shoe cues (participants were allowed 1-2 walks to familiarize with the cues). Inertial sensors were used to measure gait metrics. Laser cue line was set to usual step length for individuals based on their usual walk data from the inertial sensors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Laser shoe cueing did not improve gait in PD regardless of disease severity or FOG status. Across all groups, participants decreased gait speed (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), cadence (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), arm range of motion (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.005), and increased stride time, double support time (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), elevation at midswing (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and gait variability (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) with the laser shoes compared to usual walking.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Digital laser shoe visual cues do not improve gait in people with PD across disease severity or FOG status. Further investigation is required to examine different cue settings or exposure periods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683251369477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T09:49:57Z","timestamp":1757584197000},"page":"997-1007","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Digital Cueing With Laser Shoes Does Not Improve Walking in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Evidence Across Disease Severity and Freezing Status"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6846-9372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Stuart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7128-9452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Vitorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6887-8739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7006-6695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3155-122X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4532-3984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Mancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosie","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(19)30044-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70143-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33942-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regg.2013.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/npt.0000000000000250"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/npt.0000000000000286"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-31156-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21244"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Rehabilitation in Movement Disorders","author":"Rochester L","unstructured":"Rochester L, Lord S, Morris ME. 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