{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T22:24:21Z","timestamp":1790202261501,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008245","name":"center for neuroscience research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Research Program"},{"name":"MCW Research Affairs Committee"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T35HL072483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T35HL072483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Short-term maintenance of phonological information is critical for language production and comprehension, and is often impaired in stroke survivors with aphasia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this pilot study, we investigated whether brain oscillatory activity underlying phonological short-term memory (pSTM) can be influenced by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) in stroke survivors with aphasia (SWA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a within-subject, single-blinded, sham-controlled study, 13 SWA received theta-tACS (4-7\u2009Hz) targeting left temporoparietal and inferior frontal regions across 3 tACS conditions (in-phase, anti-phase, and sham; 20\u2009minutes each). Participants completed an adaptive delayed match-to-sample task with spoken consonant-vowel strings (2-8 syllables) before, during, and after stimulation. The primary outcome was change in pSTM capacity (ie, number of syllables maintained over a 5-second delay), estimated using a linear interpolation approach. We hypothesized that in-phase tACS would enhance, and anti-phase tACS would disrupt, pSTM capacity relative to sham.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      LME analyses reveal significant interactions between tACS condition and block (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">F<\/jats:italic>\n                      (4, 91.9)\u2009=\u20092.65,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.038), and post-hoc estimated marginal means comparisons show increased pSTM capacity during in-phase tACS versus sham (estimate\u2009=\u20090.71,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      (92)\u2009=\u20092.26,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.040) and anti-phase (estimate\u2009=\u20090.75,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      (92)\u2009=\u20092.44,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.040) conditions, only during the stimulation period. Differences between anti-phase and sham-tACS were not significant (estimate\u2009=\u2009\u22120.04,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.901). Individual response to tACS was variable, with only 60% of SWA responding.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study supports in-phase theta-tACS positively impacts pSTM. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and evaluate lasting effects to increase clinical relevance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683251395694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T10:52:02Z","timestamp":1765968722000},"page":"127-138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Modulating Phonological Short-Term Memory in Stroke Survivors With Aphasia Using Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1178-9807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina N.","family":"Erickson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara B.","family":"Pillay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey R.","family":"Binder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0763-7381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priyanka P.","family":"Shah-Basak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-37624-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.3.507"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"What is Aphasia? 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