{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T07:24:44Z","timestamp":1787383484881,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032931","name":"Physioswiss","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032931","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accurate gait recovery prognosis is crucial for guiding stroke rehabilitation. The Early Prediction of functional Outcome after Stroke (EPOS) model predicting independent gait 6\u2009months poststroke, was previously validated in 2 small, homogenous samples of first-ever stroke patients without prestroke disability. This study aimed to externally validate the EPOS model in a heterogeneous stroke sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective longitudinal cohort study conducted in 2 Swiss acute stroke units. Eligible patients could not walk independently within 72\u2009hours poststroke, regardless of stroke characteristics or prestroke disability. Sitting balance and paretic leg strength were assessed within 72\u2009hours. Independent gait was evaluated at 3\u2009months. The model\u2019s predictive performance was assessed using multiple metrics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hundred eighty patients were analyzed (median age 76\u2009years; 42% female). The model showed acceptable fit (Brier score 0.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.11-0.18) and acceptable discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.74, 95% CI 0.67-0.81). At the 0.5 threshold, sensitivity was 0.98 (95% CI 0.95-0.99) and specificity 0.32 (95% CI 0.21-0.45). Decision curve analysis indicated clinical usefulness across thresholds from 0.28 to 0.90.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The EPOS model demonstrated moderate predictive performance for regaining independent gait at 3\u2009months when applied within 72\u2009hours poststroke in a heterogeneous cohort. A high-sensitivity threshold is recommended, classifying only patients lacking sitting balance and hemiplegic leg strength as unlikely to regain gait independence, preventing missing recovery potential. As a next step, the model\u2019s impact on decision-making, patient outcomes, and healthcare resources should be evaluated in comparable settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT06438770, NCT05039047<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683261425934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T07:00:21Z","timestamp":1778828421000},"page":"665-677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["External Validation of the EPOS Prediction Model for Independent Gait After Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3037-9028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livia","family":"Vinzens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Therapy and Rehabilitation, Winterthur Cantonal Hospital, Winterthur, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Health, Physiotherapy, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0264-4884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Betschart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Therapy and Rehabilitation, Winterthur Cantonal Hospital, Winterthur, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Health, Physiotherapy, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences (OST), St. Gallen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6337-6780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janne Marieke","family":"Veerbeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, University Teaching and Research Hospital of the University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2022.2141357"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(95)80038-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd001919.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-074819"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.025696"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968310384271"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.797791"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.7.576"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03790799009166594"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/64.1.35"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/66.10.1530"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.06.764"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","unstructured":"Swiss Federation of Clinical Neuro-Societies (SFCNS). 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