{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T08:57:25Z","timestamp":1790499445408,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Identifying the individuals who may achieve a favorable upper limb function after severe stroke-related upper limb impairment remains challenging. Incorporating a biomarker, motor-evoked potential (MEP), may improve prediction accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the prediction accuracy of baseline MEP status for upper limb motor outcome at 3\u2009months post-stroke and to determine the predictive association between MEP status and upper limb motor outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective longitudinal cohort study included patients \u226518\u2009years of age with severe upper limb impairment within 4\u2009weeks post-stroke. MEP status was examined with transcranial magnetic stimulation at baseline. The primary outcome was the Fugl\u2013Meyer Assessment upper extremity score (FMA) at follow-up 3\u2009months post-stroke. The accuracy was determined by comparing MEP status (MEP present or absent) with 2 FMA outcome categories (FMA \u2264 or &gt;17) including calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). The predictive association between MEP status and 3 FMA outcome categories (FMA: 0-4; 5-17; and 18-66) was examined using ordinal logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 80 included patients, 74 completed follow-up. Overall accuracy was 75.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 64.3%-84.9%). Specificity was 80.3% (95% CI: 68.2%-89.4%), sensitivity 53.8% (95% CI: 25.1%-80.8%), PPV 36.8% (95% CI: 16.3%-61.6%), and NPV 89.1% (CI 95% 77.8%-95.9%). MEP presence was strongly associated with a higher motor outcome category at follow-up (odds ratio: 6.6; 95% CI: 2.1-21.9;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessing MEP status is a clinically relevant approach for predicting upper limb motor outcomes in patients with severe upper limb impairment after stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registry Name<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      iTMS\u2014Implementing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Assess Cortico-spinal Tract Integrity.\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06153017\">https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06153017<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      . Registration number: NCT06153017.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683261442196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T23:29:42Z","timestamp":1778887782000},"page":"836-847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prediction of Motor Outcome in Patients With Severe Upper Limb Impairment After Stroke Using Motor Evoked Potentials"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2079-6913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikke M\u00f8ller","family":"Feldb\u00e6k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hammel Neurorehabilitation Center and University Research Clinic, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7194-3087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iris Charlotte","family":"Brunner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hammel Neurorehabilitation Center and University Research Clinic, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6836-2233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camilla Biering","family":"Lundquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hammel Neurorehabilitation Center and University Research Clinic, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930241308142"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-018-0984-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968308317578"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.604090"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.576678"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70150-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-141096"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.488"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30415-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000843"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017714176"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(98)00044-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2016.01.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24472"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2019.100023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015790"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683251412283"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683241237975"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP285562"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"von Elm E Altman DG Egger M et al. 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