{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T12:22:47Z","timestamp":1788351767987,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH-5R01HD078330, DSR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH-5R01HD078330, DSR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Strategic motor learning, guided by visual feedback (VF), is commonly used in post-stroke gait rehabilitation. While visuospatial working memory (VSWM) has been shown to support VF-guided motor correction in upper limb motor learning tasks, its role in locomotor learning after stroke remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined whether VSWM is related to strategic learning by examining the overall accuracy and improvement in accuracy over time with VF-guided locomotor learning in individuals with chronic stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy-seven individuals &gt;6\u2009months post-stroke (41 males and 36 females; mean age\u2009=\u200966.3\u2009\u00b1\u200910.9\u2009years) adapted walking on a split-belt treadmill (2:1 ratio) with real-time VF of step lengths. Feedback was displayed as visual targets on a screen and participants were instructed to use the visual cues to counteract the split-belt perturbation and restore their pre-perturbation step lengths. Strategic learning was assessed using 2 outcomes: overall accuracy and improvement in accuracy over strides during the VF phase. VSWM was assessed with the Spatial Addition subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After adjusting for age, sex, time since stroke, and lower extremity Fugl\u2013Meyer score, VSWM explained a significant proportion of the variance in both outcomes (overall accuracy: \u0394\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.085,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.013; improvement in accuracy: \u0394\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.153,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that VSWM may be important for strategic locomotor learning with VF in people with chronic stroke, highlighting its potential relevance as a key consideration in designing walking rehabilitation strategies for people after stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683261448468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:46:26Z","timestamp":1780483586000},"page":"796-806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Visuospatial Working Memory Predicts Strategic Motor Learning With Visual Feedback During Gait After Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3105-942X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidra","family":"Manzoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomechanics and Movement Science (BIOMS) Program, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew L.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne M.","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomechanics and Movement Science (BIOMS) Program, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan T.","family":"Pohlig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Core, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9808-4991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth D.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6546-0863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darcy S.","family":"Reisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomechanics and Movement Science (BIOMS) Program, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000441085"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louie DR Simpson LA Mortenson WB Field TS Yao J Eng JJ. 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