{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T18:06:35Z","timestamp":1784138795845,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIHR Advanced Fellowship","award":["NIHR303544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR303544"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013301","name":"Clinical Research Award","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PF-CRA-2073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PF-CRA-2073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013301","name":"Parkinson's Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PF-FBS-1898-18-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PF-FBS-1898-18-21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postural instability is one of the most debilitating symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). Moreover, older adults (OA) often show issues with postural control leading to increased fall-risk. However, the current understanding of the neural underpinnings of standing postural control remains limited. This study aims to investigate cortical control of postural control in OA, younger adults (YA), and people with PD (PwPD), using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of four 2-minute standing conditions were performed. Postural control and cortical activity were recorded in 80 PwPD, 33 OA, and 38 YA. A wireless fNIRS system recorded changes in relative oxygenated haemoglobin (\u2206HbO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) across cortical regions including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), supplementary motor area (SMA), primary motor cortex (M1), primary somatosensory cortex (S1), and primary visual cortex (V1). Six wearable sensors provided sway outcome measures (area, jerkiness velocity, root mean square, and frequency).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sway outcomes were greater across several conditions in PwPD. Significant group effects were found with increased \u2206HbO\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      in the PFC in PD compared to OA. Moreover, YA had increased \u2206HbO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      in the S1 compared to OA and PD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PwPD showed greater PFC recruitment, indicating reliance on executive-attentional resources for balance. In contrast, YA engaged somatosensory regions more strongly, suggesting that ageing may affect the integration of sensory information for postural control. Findings support interventions that (a) reduce executive load during balance in PD and (b) bolster somatosensory integration in ageing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683261454945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T03:57:34Z","timestamp":1783915054000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neural Correlates of Balance in People With Parkinson\u2019s Disease, Older, and Younger Adults: An fNIRS Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2932-7256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Tait","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7128-9452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Vitorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields, UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6887-8739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamlyn","family":"Watermeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3155-122X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4532-3984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Mancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Stuart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields, UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosie","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields, UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.15018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2016-0002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04219-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2008.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-024-01539-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00668"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968320953824"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.684743"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"405","volume-title":"Gait, Balance, and Mobility Analysis","author":"Tait P","unstructured":"Tait P, Morris R, Watermeyer T, et al. 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