{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T23:26:49Z","timestamp":1787095609345,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["[Nos. 82474278]."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[Nos. 82474278]."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rejuvenation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salvia miltiorrhiza<\/jats:italic>\n                    (SM)\u2013\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dalbergia odorifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    (DO) is a commonly used circulating blood and transforming stasis drug pair for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but systematic studies on the optimal ratio for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases have not been reported. In this study, we determined the optimal ratio of SM\u2013DO for the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS) through the mixture design.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Five different ratios of SM and DO were applied to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice using an enhanced simplex center-of-mass mixture design by Minitab 17 software. The experimental ratios of SM and DO as independent variables and dependent variables including modified neurological severity scores, corner test, sticker removal test, cylinder test, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels, and the optimal ratio of the two herbs was obtained by fitting regression equations through mixture design and multi-objective synchronization optimization. The therapeutic effects of the optimal ratio of SM\u2013DO on MCAO mice were verified and evaluated by the indicators of neurological function, brain swelling, cerebral infarction volume, brain histopathological morphology, and the levels of LDH and NSE. The optimal ratio of SM:DO = 0.61:0.39 was obtained by multi-objective synchronization optimization. The results of pharmacodynamic validation showed that the optimal ratio of SM\u2013DO significantly improved the neurological function scores of MCAO mice, the motor functions of the left forelimb, the sensory functions of the left paw, the motor functions of the right steering, the cerebral infarct volume, and the release of LDH and NSE and exerted the therapeutic effect on IS. The optimal ratio of SM (0.61) and DO (0.39) was found to be effective in the treatment of IS mice based on mixture design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15491684261442837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T05:41:31Z","timestamp":1776663691000},"page":"246-263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pharmacodynamic Effects of\n                    <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza<\/i>\n                    \u2013\n                    <i>Dalbergia Odorifera<\/i>\n                    in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke Based on the Mixture Design"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ziheng","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China."},{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengzhao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."},{"name":"Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kedi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hefei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China."},{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China."},{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peifeng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China."},{"name":"National Drug Clinical Trial Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4367-2056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China."},{"name":"National Drug Clinical Trial Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12677\/ACM.2023.1392042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"Research progress on the role of iron death in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion","volume":"53","author":"Jiang H","year":"2024","unstructured":"2.Jiang H. Research progress on the role of iron death in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Shaanxi Medical Journal 2024;53:132\u2013135.","journal-title":"Shaanxi Medical Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","first-page":"523","article-title":"Mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics in ischemic stroke and therapeutic strategies","volume":"77","author":"Zheng XY","year":"2025","unstructured":"3.Zheng XY, , Zhang M, , Su KQ, , Ding ZM. Mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics in ischemic stroke and therapeutic strategies. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2025;77(3):523\u2013533.","journal-title":"Sheng Li Xue Bao"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"Effects of Xiangdan injection on blood rheology and platelet aggregation in rats with acute blood stasis","volume":"4","author":"Qiu JC","year":"2011","unstructured":"4.Qiu JC. Effects of Xiangdan injection on blood rheology and platelet aggregation in rats with acute blood stasis. 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