{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:46:00Z","timestamp":1792003560526,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623801600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fonds de recherche du Qu\u00e9bec-Sant\u00e9"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin EEG Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Nowadays, no practical system has successfully been able to decode and predict pain in clinical settings. The inability of some patients to verbally express their pain creates the need for a tool that could objectively assess pain in these individuals. Neuroimaging techniques combined with machine learning are seen as possible candidates for the identification of pain biomarkers. This review aimed to address the potential use of electroencephalographic features as predictors of acute experimental pain. Twenty-six studies using only thermal stimulations were identified using a PubMed and Scopus search. Combinations of the following terms were used: \u201cEEG,\u201d \u201cElectroencephalography,\u201d \u201cAcute,\u201d \u201cPain,\u201d \u201cTonic,\u201d \u201cNoxious,\u201d \u201cThermal,\u201d \u201cStimulation,\u201d \u201cBrain,\u201d \u201cActivity,\u201d \u201cCold,\u201d \u201cSubjective,\u201d and \u201cPerception.\u201d Results revealed that contact-heat-evoked potentials have been widely recorded over central areas during noxious heat stimulations. Furthermore, a decrease in alpha power over central regions was revealed, as well as increased theta and gamma powers over frontal areas. Gamma and theta rhythms were associated with connectivity between sensory and affective regions involved in pain processing. A machine learning analysis revealed that the gamma band is a predominant predictor of acute thermal pain. This review also addressed the need of supplementing current spectral features with techniques that allow the investigation of network dynamics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15500594211026280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T13:09:16Z","timestamp":1623848956000},"page":"124-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Clinical use of Electroencephalography  in the Assessment of Acute Thermal  Pain: A Narrative Review Based on  Articles From 2009 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Savignac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Shriners Hospitals for Children-Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don Daniel","family":"Ocay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Shriners Hospitals for Children-Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yacine","family":"Mahdid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Blain-Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6288-4495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine E.","family":"Ferland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Shriners Hospitals for Children-Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.11.038"},{"key":"bibr2-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.02.013"},{"key":"bibr3-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.12.001"},{"key":"bibr4-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001087"},{"key":"bibr5-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2003.02884.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr6-15500594211026280","first-page":"73","volume":"18","author":"Temple B","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Dev Disabil"},{"key":"bibr7-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30171-7"},{"key":"bibr8-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/SHTI190351"},{"key":"bibr9-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2018.12.005"},{"key":"bibr10-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-018-0693-8"},{"key":"bibr11-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.01.007"},{"key":"bibr12-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.10.009"},{"key":"bibr13-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-12-39"},{"key":"bibr14-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000716"},{"key":"bibr15-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pmt.13.72"},{"key":"bibr16-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2017.04.006"},{"key":"bibr17-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102409357249"},{"key":"bibr18-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2012.02297.x"},{"key":"bibr19-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.02.028"},{"key":"bibr20-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.01.024"},{"key":"bibr21-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.716"},{"key":"bibr22-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00126.2015"},{"key":"bibr23-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)02374-6"},{"key":"bibr24-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.11.056"},{"key":"bibr25-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00459"},{"key":"bibr26-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-019-05545-8"},{"key":"bibr27-15500594211026280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Read GL, Innis IJ. 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