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We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of the home-based and remotely monitored tDCS in patients with both MCI and depression, by integrating cognitive, psychological, and electrophysiological indicators. In a 6-week, randomized, double blind, and sham-controlled study, 37 community-dwelling patients were randomly assigned to either an active or a sham stimulation group, and received 30 home-based sessions of 2\u2005mA tDCS for 30\u2005min with the anode located over the left and cathode over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We measured depressive symptoms, neurocognitive function, and resting-state electroencephalography. In terms of effects of both depressive symptoms and cognitive functions, active tDCS was not significantly different from sham tDCS. However, compared to sham stimulation, active tDCS decreased and increased the activation of delta and beta frequencies, respectively. Moreover, the increase in beta activity was correlated with the cognitive enhancement only in the active group. It was not possible to reach a definitive conclusion regarding the efficacy of tDCS on depression and cognition in patients with both MCI and depression. Nevertheless, the relationship between the changes of electrophysiology and cognitive performance suggests potential neuroplasticity enhancement implicated in cognitive processes by tDCS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15500594231215847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T01:54:15Z","timestamp":1702864455000},"page":"531-542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Home-based, Remotely Supervised, 6-Week tDCS in Patients With Both MCI and Depression: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Jiheon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"*These first authors 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