{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T17:32:08Z","timestamp":1786642328757,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin EEG Neurosci"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stroke in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) often leads to persistent upper limb disability. While clinical scales such as the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for the Upper Extremity (FM-UE) track motor recovery, high-density EEG provides insight into cortical motor-activation patterns. Event-related desynchronization\/synchronization (ERD\/ERS) in mu and beta bands may offer insight into recovery mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>a) To characterize changes in mu and beta oscillations following upper limb rehabilitation in chronic MCA stroke patients, and b) To identify ERD features most closely associated with residual motor function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ten chronic MCA stroke patients and seven healthy controls underwent EEG during motor-imagery and active-movement tasks. Stroke patients received 15 sessions of rehabilitation over 8 weeks. EEG data were processed using EEGLAB\/MATLAB and analyzed with ERD\/ERS metrics. Spearman correlations with FM-UE scores were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic stroke patients showed pathological ERS in ipsilesional beta rhythms that shifted toward ERD after rehabilitation, paralleling significant motor recovery. Although correlations did not reach significance, alpha oscillations in the ipsilesional hemisphere most closely related to functional gains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that rehabilitation in chronic stroke patients induces real cortical changes reflected in EEG oscillatory dynamics. Although preliminary, ipsilesional alpha and beta changes may represent biomarkers of genuine recovery, distinguishing neuroplastic improvement from compensatory mechanisms and guiding future therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15500594261471204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T06:58:17Z","timestamp":1786431497000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mu and Beta Oscillatory Changes During a Motor Task Following Rehabilitation in Chronic MCA Stroke: Insights from EEG"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1149-4600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebeca","family":"Pardo-Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos"},{"name":"Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Ruiz-Izquierdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Mart\u00edn Garc\u00eda de la Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rocio","family":"Calvillo-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Kontaxakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idoya","family":"Barca Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva M.","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Universidad Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia (UNED)"},{"name":"Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Garvin Ocampos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Pozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873231191304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010820.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez BMF. 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